BEGIN:VCALENDAR VERSION:2.0 PRODID:-//wp-events-plugin.com//7.2.3.1//EN TZID:Europe/Paris X-WR-TIMEZONE:Europe/Paris BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-148@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20231219T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20231219T170000 DTSTAMP:20231208T153516Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/modeles-faiblement-supervises- pour-la-documentation-automatique-des-langues-2/ SUMMARY:Weakly Supervised Models for Computational Language Documentation DESCRIPTION:Thesis commitee\nClaire Gardent\, senior researcher at LORIA (C NRS\, Université de Lorraine) \;\nAlexis Nasr\, professor at LIS (CNRS\, UTLN\, Université Aix Marseille) \;\nRoland Kuhn\, Principal Research Off icer at the National Research Council Canada \;\nFrançois Pellegrino\, se nior researcher at DDL – ISH (CNRS\, Université de Lyon 2) \;\nAgata Sa vary\, professor at LISN (CNRS\, Université Paris-Saclay) \;\nLaurent Bes acier\, Principal Scientist at Naver Labs Europe and professor at Universi té Grenoble-Alpes \;\nFrançois Yvon\, doctoral advisor\, senior research er at ISIR (CNRS\, Sorbonne Université).\nKeywords\nComputational languag e documentation\, word segmentation\, Bayesian non-parametric model\, inte rlinear gloss generation\, weak supervision\, field linguistics\nAbstract\ nIn the wake of the threat of extinction of half of the languages spoken t oday by the end of the century\, language documentation is a field of ling uistics notably dedicated to the recording\, annotation\, and archiving of data. In this context\, computational language documentation aims to devi se tools for linguists to ease several documentation steps through natural language processing approaches. As part of the CLD2025 computational lang uage documentation project\, this thesis focuses mainly on two tasks: word segmentation to identify word boundaries in an unsegmented transcription of a recorded sentence and automatic interlinear glossing to predict lingu istic annotations for each sentence unit. For the first task\, we improve the performance of the Bayesian non-parametric models used until now throu gh weak supervision. For this purpose\, we leverage realistically availabl e resources during documentation\, such as already-segmented sentences or dictionaries. Since we still observe an over-segmenting tendency in our mo dels\, we introduce a second segmentation level: morphemes. Our experiment s with various types of two-level segmentation models indicate a slight im provement in the segmentation quality. Still\, we also face the limitation s in differentiating words from morphemes\, using statistical cues only Th e second task concerns the generation of either grammatical or lexical glo sses. As the latter cannot be predicted using training data solely\, our s tatistical sequence-labelling model adapts the set of possible labels for each sentence and provides a competitive alternative to the most recent ne ural models. CATEGORIES:Languages Sciences and technology,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-253@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250328T103000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250328T133000 DTSTAMP:20250320T135521Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/neural-architecture-search-nas -etude-et-implementation-dune-strategie-de-developpement-de-reseau-en-one- shot/ SUMMARY:Spotting expressivity bottlenecks in neural networks and fixing the m by optimal architecture growth DESCRIPTION:Abstract\nWe aim at adapting a neural network architecture duri ng training\, by detecting expressivity bottlenecks. This would allow to s tart from tiny architectures and make them grow as necessary\, which would gain considerable training time and computational ressources compared to the standard approach where over-sized models are trained and then reduced . A promising mathematical formulation of the problem yields a way to dire ctly precisely locate expressivity bottlenecks\, at low computational cost \, to the opposite of standard Auto-Deep-Learning techniques which proceed by trial and error via random architecture modifications (which is very c ostly).\nJury\nRémi Gribonval\, Directeur de recherche Inria\, ENS Lyon\, rapporteur\nHervé Luga\, Professeur Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès\, rapporteur\nDavid Picard\, Directeur de recherche École des Ponts ParisTe ch\nAurélie Névéol\, Directrice de recherche\, CNRS\, examinatrice\nGui llaume Lecué\, Professeur ESSEC\, CY Cergy Paris Université\, examinateu r\nKeywords\nNeural networks\,expressive power\,low-rank approximation\,op timization\, CATEGORIES:AAC,Science des Données,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:LISN Site Plaine – Digitéo\, 1 rue René THOM 91190 Gif-sur -Yvette\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=1 rue René THOM 91190 Gif- sur-Yvette\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LISN Site Plaine – Digit éo:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-237@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250306T100000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250306T120000 DTSTAMP:20250304T152348Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/mini-workshop-on-the-sense-of- agency-in-collaborative-contexts/ SUMMARY:Mini-workshop on the sense of agency in collaborative contexts DESCRIPTION:The sense of agency refers to the feeling of making things happ en and is constitutive of our sense of selfhood. Social factors can lead t o a fundamental change in the nature of the sense of agency\, from self-ag ency to joint agency. The sense of agency is considered a key element when it comes to distinguishing our actions from those of others and\, as such \, it is a necessary condition to personal liability. If the sense of agen cy can indeed shift from an individual to a collective identity\, what are the consequences for individual (and collective) responsibility? Furtherm ore\, the notion of we-agency is also timely in light of current trends in digital technology\, the result of which is a rapid change in the nature and scope of human-machine interaction. Indeed\, recent technological deve lopments allow users to interact with autonomous agents that can potential ly become actual teammates. How we experience agency when we cooperate wit h artificial agents thus becomes critical.\nPresentations and speakers\n “Determinants of the sense of joint agency”Elisabeth Pacherie\, Direct rice de Recherche CNRS\, Institut Jean Nicod\, ENS Paris\n"From Obedience to Resistance: Neuro-Cognitive and Social Mechanisms in Laboratory Setting s and Post-Genocide Contexts"Emily Caspar\, Associate Professor\, Ghent Un iversity\, Belgium\n“From Human-Machine Cooperation to Human-Technology Symbiosis: Towards a Deeper Integration”Jordan Navarro\, Professor Unive rsité Lumière Lyon 2\, Laboratoire EMC - Étude des Mécanismes Cognitif s\nTitle to comeLionel Brunel\, Professeur Université Paul-Valery Montpel lier\, Laboratoire Epsylon ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/app/uploads/2025/02 /Workshop-Ouriel.png CATEGORIES:Colloque,IaH LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-276@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250523T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250523T160000 DTSTAMP:20250515T132909Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/optimiser-les-workflows-de-mac hine-learning/ SUMMARY:Optimizing workflows in Machine Learning DESCRIPTION:We're thrilled to welcome two visitors who will tell us about o pen source initiatives to better collaborate and share data science analys is tools:\nCroissant: A metadata format for AI-ready datasets par Omar Ben jelloun (https://mlcommons.org/working-groups/data/croissant/\, Google)\nU nderstanding and automating Machine Learning with OpenML par Joaquin Vansc horen (https://www.openml.org/\, TU Eindhoven) ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/app/uploads/2025/05 /Croissant.jpg CATEGORIES:Séminaires LOCATION:LISN Site Plaine – Digitéo\, 1 rue René THOM 91190 Gif-sur -Yvette\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=1 rue René THOM 91190 Gif- sur-Yvette\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LISN Site Plaine – Digit éo:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-270@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250410T150000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250410T180000 DTSTAMP:20250530T220007Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/?post_type=event&p=67898 SUMMARY:Sur les méthodes de contrôle par apprentissage des systèmes dyna miques: application en dynamique des fluides DESCRIPTION:Jury\nAna BUŠIĆ\, Chargée de recherche\, Inria DYOGENE\, ENS -PSL (Rapporteuse &\; Examinatrice)\nTristan CAZENAVE\, Professeur\, LA MSADE - CNRS - Université Paris Dauphine-PSL (Rapporteur &\; Examinate ur)\nMichèle SEBAG\, Directrice de recherche\, LISN - CNRS - Université Paris-Saclay\, Inria TAU (Examinatrice)\nEmmanuel RACHELSON\, Professeur\, ISAE-SUPAERO (Examinateur)\nLaurent CORDIER\, Directeur de recherche\, In stitut P' - CNRS - ISAE-ENSMA - Université de Poitiers (Examinateur)\nRé sumé\nLes impératifs environnementaux suscitent un regain d'intérêt po ur la recherche sur le contrôle de l'écoulement des fluides afin de réd uire la consommation d'énergie dans diverses applications telles que l'a éronautique et l'automobile. Les stratégies de contrôle des fluides peu vent optimiser le système en temps réel\, en tirant parti des mesures de s capteurs et des modèles physiques. Ces stratégies visent à manipuler le comportement d'un système pour atteindre un état souhaité (stabilit é\, performance\, consommation d'énergie). Dans le même temps\, le dév eloppement d'approches de contrôle pilotées par les données dans des do maines concurrents tels que les jeux et la robotique a ouvert de nouvelles perspectives pour le contrôle des fluides. Cependant\, l'intégration du contrôle basé sur l'apprentissage en dynamique des fluides présente de nombreux défis\, notamment en ce qui concerne la robustesse de la strat égie de contrôle\, l'efficacité de l'échantillon de l'algorithme d'app rentissage\, et la présence de retards de toute nature dans le système.A insi\, cette thèse vise à étudier et à développer des stratégies de contrôle basées sur l'apprentissage en tenant compte de ces défis\, dan s lesquels deux classes principales de stratégies de contrôle basées su r les données sont considérées : l'apprentissage par renforcement (RL) et la commande prédictive basée sur l'apprentissage (LB-MPC).Tout d'abor d\, un développement étendu sur la connexion entre les domaines du contr ôle stochastique (temps continu) et du processus de décision de Markov ( temps discret) est fourni pour unifier les deux approches.Deuxièmement\, des preuves empiriques sur les propriétés de régularisation de l'algori thme d'apprentissage par renforcement par maximum d'entropie sont présent ées à travers des concepts d'apprentissage statistique pour mieux compre ndre la caractéristique de robustesse de l'approche par maximum d'entropi e.Troisièmement\, la notion d'abstraction temporelle est utilisée pour a méliorer l'efficacité de l'échantillonnage d'un algorithme de commande prédictive par modèle basé sur l'apprentissage et piloté par une règl e d'échantillonnage de la théorie de l'information.Enfin\, les modèles différentiels neuronaux sont introduits à travers le concept d'équation s différentielles neuronales à retard pour modéliser des systèmes à t emps continu avec des retards pour des applications en commande prédictiv e.Les différentes études sont développées à l'aide de simulations num ériques appliquées à des systèmes minimalistes issus des théories des systèmes dynamiques et du contrôle afin d'illustrer les résultats thé oriques. Les expériences de la dernière partie sont également menées s ur des simulations d'écoulement de fluides en 2D.\nPublications\nLes publ ications de Rémy Hosseinkhan-Boucher sont visibles sur HAL : https://univ ersite-paris-saclay.hal.science/LISN/search/index?q=remy+hosseinkhan CATEGORIES:M-E,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-280@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250620T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250620T140000 DTSTAMP:20250613T074656Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/scheduling-and-graph-explorati on-with-deadlines/ SUMMARY:Scheduling and graph-exploration with deadlines DESCRIPTION:Consider a graph with weights on its edges and nodes. A node we ight represents a (time) deadline for this node and an edge weight represe nts the time a robot needs to traverse this edge. A robot needs to visit e ach node of the graph within its deadline. Can we decide in polynomial tim e whether such a `successful’ exploration is possible?\nWe survey this a rea of research first focusing on a clique topology where each node must b e visited not just once but periodically and the maximum allowed time-peri od between any two consecutive visits of the same node should not exceed i ts deadline. This case has been introduced as a scheduling problem known a s ‘Pinwheel’ and quite a few questions remain open for more than 30 ye ars. We compare the computational complexity of this case with the complex ity of the case where each node must be visited at least once within its d eadline (and not periodically). We also present some results in other sele cted topologies.\nThe above exploration-scheduling problems find applicati ons in areas like mobile monitoring and facility service and maintenance.\ nBiography\nEuripides Markou is a Professor at the Department of Computer Science &\; Engineering of the University of Ioannina\, Greece\, and a n affiliated researcher of Archimedes\, Athena Research Center. He receiv ed his B.Sc. degree (in Physics) from the University of Ioannina and his P h.D. degree (in Theoretical Computer Science) from the National Technical University of Athens. He has been a postdoctoral researcher at the Univers ite du Quebec en Outaouais\, Gatineau\, Canada\, at the National and Kapod istrian University of Athens\, at the Laboratoire Bordelais de Recherche e n Informatique\, Bordeaux\, France and at McMaster University\, Hamilton\, Canada. Before joining the University of Ioannina in 2024\, he had held a faculty position at the Department of Computer Science and Biomedical Inf ormatics (2008 - 2024)\, University of Thessaly. His research interests in clude the design of algorithms and the study of computational complexity f or problems particularly in the areas of distributed computing\, algorithm ic game theory\, computational geometry and computational biology.\nPlace\ nLISN\, 1 rue Raimond Castaing\, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette - Room 445. CATEGORIES:AAC LOCATION:LISN Site Plaine\, 1 rue Raimond Castaing 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=1 rue Raimond Castaing 91 190 Gif-sur-Yvette\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LISN Site Plaine:ge o:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-293@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250916T143000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250916T163000 DTSTAMP:20250901T074107Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/data-integration-a-perpetually -evolving-challenge-for-new-research-perspectives/ SUMMARY:Data Integration: A perpetually evolving challenge for new research perspectives DESCRIPTION:Jury\nAmel Bouzeghoub\, Professor\, Telecom SudParis\, Samovar Laboratory\nZoubida Kedad\, Professor\, Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelin es University\, Paris-Saclay University\, DAVID laboratory\nMohan C. Moha n\, Distinguished Professor\, IBM/Hong Kong Baptist University. \nPaolo Pa potti\, Associate Professor\, Eurecom. \nPascal Poncelet\, Professor\, Mon tpellier University\, LIRRM Laboratory. \nGenoveva Vargas-Solar\, Full-tim e researcher\, CNRS\, LIRIS Laboratory.\nAbstract\nData is everywhere and can be produced and stored from everyday scenarios. The structures used fo r storing data are heterogeneous\, continuously evolving\, and consumed by applications according to different patterns. It is demonstrated that mos t of the value of any application is in the ability to access useful and r eliable data. From data processing\, we can extract value and insights. In addition\, the more different and heterogeneous the data are\, the more c hallenging it is to analyze\, understand\, and make predictions on top of them. In my work\, I summarize part of my research contributions to the fi eld of heterogeneous data integration. First\, I present the classical dat a integration scenarios on NoSQL databases. Then I address the challenge o f developing new integration techniques conceived for feeding Artificial I ntelligence algorithms. The illustration will focus on applications arisin g from multiple domains used as case studies during the development of the research ideas: smart cities\, carbon storage\, user profiling\, music re cognition\, and medical data integration. Finally\, I investigate the appl ication of data integration techniques to new challenges and the developme nt of new prospective oriented in data for AI. CATEGORIES:Science des Données,Thèses et HDR END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-286@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250707T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250707T140000 DTSTAMP:20250630T115405Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/virtual-reality-forest-bathing -beyond-optimal-stress-reduction/ SUMMARY:Virtual Reality Forest Bathing: Beyond Optimal Stress Reduction DESCRIPTION:Forest bathing is practice of sensory immersion in a nature env ironment for stress relief and mental resource restoration. Forest bathing offers many positive effects that can help people’s mental health\; how ever\, many people who are in the most need of stress reduction benefits d o not have access to nature\, such as people in hospitals\, nursing homes\ , and large cities. Virtual reality (VR) has the potential to increase acc essibility to the benefits of nature by delivering immersive nature simula tions that provide similar benefits. To create an effective virtual nature environment (VNE)\, research needs to be conducted on the components of a nature environment that make forest bathing effective. Additionally\, a k ey issue with creating VNE’s is making them deployable on accessible\, e veryday VR headsets like the Oculus Quest 2. This \;talk \;will di scuss the results from our experiments showing the potential of biomass\, or living green nature\, as an essential component for restorative effect. I will also include current findings and what's to come!\nBiography\nFran cisco R. Ortega is an Associate Professor at Colorado State University ( CSU) and has been Director of the Natural User Interaction Lab (NUILAB) si nce Fall 2018. Dr. Ortega earned his Ph.D. in Computer Science (CS) with a focus on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) and 3D User Interfaces (3DUI) from Florida International University (FIU). He also held the Postdoctora l and visiting assistant professor positions at FIU between February 2015 and July 2018. His research has focused on  (1) multimodal and unimodal i nteraction (gesture-centric)\, which includes gesture elicitation (e.g.\, a form of participatory design)\, (2) information access effort in augment ed reality (e.g.\, visual cues and automation bias)\, (3) AR notifications \, and (4) stress reduction using virtual reality forest bathing.  For mu ltimodal interaction research\, Dr. Ortega focuses on enhancing user int eraction through (a) multimodal elicitation\, (b) developing interactive t echniques\, and (c) refining augmented reality visualization techniques. T he primary domains for interaction include general environments\,  immers ive analytics\, and VR sketching.  His research has resulted in over 90 p eer-reviewed publications\, including books\, journals\, conferences\, wor kshops\, and magazine articles\, in venues such as ACM CHI\, ACM VRST\, IE EE VR\, IEEE TVCG\, IEEE ISMAR\, ACM PACMHCI\, ACM ISS\, ACM SUI\, IEEE 3D UI\, HFES\, and Human Factor Journals\, among others.  Dr. Ortega has e xperience with multiple government-funded projects. For example\, Dr. Ort ega served as a co-Principal Investigator for the DARPA Communicating wit h Computers project. He is a principal investigator (PI) for a 3-year effo rt funded by ONR\, titled "Perceptual/Cognitive Aspects of Augmented Reali ty: Experimental Research and a Computational Model." He was recently awar ded a new ONR grant titled “Assessing Cognitive Load and Managing Extran eous Load to Optimize Training.” The National Science Foundation and oth er agencies and companies have also funded him. This includes the NSF CARE ER 2023 for microgestures and multimodal interaction. Since his tenure-tra ck appointment at CSU in August 2018\, Dr. Ortega has brought over 4.2 m illion dollars in external funding (with 3.7 million as principal investig ator).  \nHis lab website is https://nuilab.org CATEGORIES:IaH,Séminaires LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-310@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250922T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250922T140000 DTSTAMP:20250918T083600Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/performance-sociale-en-resolut ion-collaborative-de-problemes-influence-de-la-conscience-de-soi-et-des-ca racteristiques-individuelles/ SUMMARY:Social Performance in Collaborative Problem Solving: Influence of S elf-Awareness and Individual Characteristics DESCRIPTION:Jury\nEstelle MICHINOV (Université de Rennes 1\, LP3C)\, Rappo rteure\nOlivier LUMINET (Université catholique de Louvain\, IPSY)\, Rappo rteur\nAlice NORMAND (Université Clermont Auvergne\, LAPSCO)\, Examinatri ce\nYann COELLO (Université de Lille\, SCALab) — Examinateur\nAbstract\ nSocial skills\, which are socially learned behaviors\, enable individuals to adapt to various social situations. Among these\, collaborative proble m-solving (CPS) skills play an important role in academic and professional success. They are defined as a set of skills for solving problems and pro gressing toward a common goal while collaborating with group members. We p erceive their mobilization through social performance\, an indicator of th e adequacy of an individual's responses to the expectations of the situati on. This performance results from a dynamic between endogenous (person-rel ated) and exogenous (environment-related) factors. This thesis examines ho w CPS performance is modulated by social anxiety and alexithymia on the on e hand\, and by the induction of self-focused attention and the behavior o f a virtual partner on the other. In order to investigate this\, we built a multimodal corpus of dyads engaged in collaborative tasks with manipulat ed visual feedback (feedback on oneself\, on the other\, or combined). Bas ed on this corpus\, we validated two French-language scales for assessing social skills specific to CPS. Our results show that self-focused attentio n can impair social performance\, especially in alexithymic individuals\; however\, in highly anxious participants\, performance was preserved or ev en improved when attention was focused on the self rather than divided bet ween the self and the partner. To isolate the effect of the partner in CPS tasks\, we designed virtual agents (high-performing vs. low-performing pr ofiles). Interacting with a high-performing agent increases the user's soc ial performance\, while a low-performing agent decreases it. The results o f this second study suggest that these effects are moderated by anxiety an d alexithymia. The contributions of this thesis provide new insights into the relationship between endogenous and exogenous factors of social perfor mance in CPS\, provide robust measurement tools (SPRS\, SSC)\, a shareable corpus\, and open up application prospects via adaptive virtual agents fo r personalized training of social skills.\nPublications\nPublications of J ennifer Hamet are available on line: https://hal.science/search/index?q=je nnifer+hamet+bagnou CATEGORIES:IaH,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-312@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250924T160000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250924T160000 DTSTAMP:20250918T145549Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/reexaminer-les-surprises-liees -a-lautomatisation-une-etude-centree-sur-les-defauts-de-conception-du-pilo te-automatique/ SUMMARY:Reexamining automation surprise: a design-driven investigation of f laws DESCRIPTION:Jury\nJames HOLLAN - Professor Emeritus\, UC San Diego (Reviewe r/Examiner)\nWendy JU - Associate Professor\, Cornell Tech (Reviewer/Exami ner)\nElena MUGELLINI - Professor\, Haute école d'ingénierie et d'archit ecture de Fribourg (Examiner)\nNicolas SABOURET - Professor\, Université Paris-Saclay (Examiner)\nMartine GODFROY-COOPER - PhD\, AIRBUS Operations (Invited Member)\nRésumé\nThis thesis investigates how specific design c hoices in aircraft autopilot systems contribute to automation surprise—w hen the aircraft behaves differently from the pilot’s expectations. It f ocuses on two key interfaces: the Flight Mode Annunciator (FMA) and the Fl ight Control Unit (FCU). The FMA displays autopilot modes in use and has r emained unchanged since the 1970s\, with most manufacturers adopting the s ame design despite longstanding concerns raised in the literature. In cont rast\, the FCU\, which allows pilots to select these modes\, varies across aircraft manufacturers in both layout and interaction design. While the F MA is difficult to interpret and monitor\, the FCU raises concerns because of overloaded controls. Across both interfaces\, the industry has histori cally relied on training and procedural workarounds to address design flaw s rather than rethinking interaction design. Grounded in Human-Computer In teraction (HCI) theories\, this thesis adopts a mixed-methods\, primarily qualitative approach\, combining empirical studies with pilots and a parti cipatory design process to explore the roots of automation surprise and pr opose design alternatives to better support mode awareness. This thesis co ntributes to ongoing research on automation in safety-critical systems and argues for a shift toward co-designing cockpit interfaces with pilots\, r ather than merely for them. CATEGORIES:IaH,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:LISN Site Plaine - Digitéo\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X -TITLE=LISN Site Plaine - Digitéo:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-331@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20251104T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20251104T140000 DTSTAMP:20251013T141347Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/evaluation-technique-energetiq ue-economique-et-environnementale-du-calcul-vehiculaire-et-du-edge-computi ng/ SUMMARY:Technical\, Economic and Environmental Evaluation of Vehicular and Edge Computing DESCRIPTION:Jury\nM. Marcelo DIAS DE AMORIM\, CNRS\, LIP6\, Sorbonne Univer sité\, Reporter\nM. Riadh DHAOU\, Institut National Polytechnique de Toul ouse\, Reporter\nMme Kinda KHAWAM\, Université Paris-Saclay\, Examiner\nM . Claudio Enrico PALAZZI\, Università degli Studi di Padova\, Examiner\nM . Laurent ROULLET\, Nokia Bell Labs France – Paris-Saclay\, Invited memb er\nKeywords\nCloud véhiculaire\,cloud computing\,réseaux véhiculaires\ ,edge computing\,investissement au edge\,5G\nAbstract\nThis thesis investi gates the technical\, economic\, and environmental feasibility of computin g architectures supporting delay-sensitive applications such as Augmented Reality (AR) and Autonomous Driving (AD). While Cloud Computing (CC) is th e prevalent paradigm today\, it cannot offer sufficiently low latency. Thi s limitation is addressed by Edge Computing (EC)\, which deploys computati onal capability at the edge of the access network. However\, EC entails hi gh infrastructure costs and raises environmental concerns due to the short lifecycle of electronic devices (around four years) and increased energy consumption. Meanwhile\, the number of connected vehicles is steadily incr easing. These vehicles already carry onboard computing and communication r esources that can be opportunistically exploited not only for driving-rela ted tasks but also for offloading computation from external devices such a s smartphones\, laptops\, or wearable health devices. These resources can be managed under the Vehicular Cloud Computing (VCC) paradigm. In this the sis\, we first analyze the economic feasibility of EC deployment through a game-theoretic model\, showing how multi-tenant cooperation can mitigate high deployment costs. Then\, we evaluate under which conditions VCC can r eplace EC\, that is\, whether offloading tasks to vehicles can provide per formance comparable to EC. Results are obtained via high fidelity network and mobility simulations in an urban mobile network scenario. We find that VCC can achieve ultra low latency\, around 10 ms\, even when vehicles are sparsely distributed. A comparative cost analysis shows that replacing EC with VCC can reduce infrastructure expenditure by about 10 percent over f ive years. Finally\, we propose a VCC management scheme that optimizes ene rgy consumption\, carbon emissions\, and computes a fair allocation of rev enues generated by end user tasks. The scheme is based on mathematical pro gramming and coalitional game theory. Through Monte Carlo simulations\, we show that the energy consumption attributable to VCC is below 0.1 percent of total vehicle consumption in realistic scenarios\, and that vehicle ow ners receive substantial incentives to participate in task execution. Over all\, this thesis demonstrates the feasibility of next generation mobile n etwork architectures such as Edge Computing and Vehicular Cloud Computing for supporting ultra low latency applications. CATEGORIES:Science des Données,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:LISN Site Plaine\, 1 rue Raimond Castaing 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=1 rue Raimond Castaing 91 190 Gif-sur-Yvette\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LISN Site Plaine:ge o:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-160@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20240209T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20240209T170000 DTSTAMP:20240205T133708Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/methodes-de-prediction-structu ree-pour-lanalyse-semantique/ SUMMARY:Méthodes de prédiction structurée pour l'analyse sémantiqueStru ctured prediction methods for semantic parsingMéthodes de prédiction str ucturée pour l'analyse sémantique DESCRIPTION:The defence will be in English. You can attend it remotely via the following link: https://bbb.lisn.upsaclay.fr/b/alb-fxj-85m-4b1.\nThesi s committee\n- Maxime AMBLARD\, professor at LORIA (CNRS\, Université de Lorraine) \;\n- Marie CANDITO\, assistant professor at LLF (Université Pa ris-Cité) \;\n- Pascal DENIS\, researcher at INRIA (CNRS\, Université de Lille) \;\n- Vincent GUIGUE\, professor at AgroParisTech (Université Par is-Saclay) \;\n- Laura KALLMEYER\, professor (University of Düsseldorf) \ ;\n- François YVON\, doctoral advisor\, senior researcher at ISIR (CNRS\, Sorbonne Université)\;\n- Caio CORRO\, doctoral co-advisor\, associate p rofessor at ISIR (CNRS\, Sorbonne Université).\nKeywords\nSemantic parsin g\, compositional generalization\, natural language processing\nAbstract\n Semantic parsing is the task of mapping a natural language utterance into a formal representation that can be manipulated by a computer program. It is a major task in Natural Language Processing with several applications\, including the development of questions answers systems or code generation among others.\nIn recent years\, neural-based approaches and particularly sequence-to-sequence architectures have demonstrated strong performances on this task. However\, several works have put forward the limitations of neural-based parsers on out-of-distribution examples. In particular\, they fail when compositional generalization is required. It is thus essential to develop parsers that exhibit better compositional abilities.\nThe repre sentation of the semantic content is another concern when tackling semanti c parsing. As different syntactic structures can be used to represent the same semantic content\, one should focus on structures that can both accur ately represent the semantic content and align well with natural language. \nIn that regard\, this thesis relies on graph-based representations for s emantic parsing and focuses on two tasks.\nThe first one deals with the tr aining of graph-based semantic parsers. They need to learn a correspondenc e between the parts of the semantic graph and the natural language utteran ce. As this information is usually absent in the training data\, we propos e training algorithms that treat this correspondence as a latent variable. \nThe second task focuses on improving the compositional abilities of grap h-based semantic parsers in two different settings. Note that in graph pre diction\, the traditional pipeline is to first predict the nodes and then the arcs of the graph. In the first setting\, we assume that the graphs th at must be predicted are trees and propose an optimization algorithm based on constraint smoothing and conditional gradient that allows to predict t he entire graph jointly. In the second setting\, we do not make any assump tion regarding the nature of the semantic graphs. In that case\, we propos e to introduce an intermediate supertagging step in the inference pipeline that constrains the arc prediction step. In both settings\, our contribut ions can be viewed as introducing additional local constraints to ensure t he well-formedness the overall prediction. Experimentally\, our contributi ons significantly improve the compositional abilities of graph-based seman tic parsers and outperform comparable baselines on several datasets design ed to evaluate compositional generalization. CATEGORIES:STL,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-192@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20240930T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20240930T170000 DTSTAMP:20240913T125156Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/advancing-anomaly-detection-in -tabular-data-a-case-study-on-credit-card-fraud-identification/ SUMMARY:Advancing Anomaly Detection in Tabular Data: A Case-Study on Credit Card Fraud Identification DESCRIPTION:Recent advances in the field of Machine Learning has enabled ba nks to rely \;on this class of algorithms to build or augment their de tection systems. Nevertheless\, applying machine learning methods to ident ify frauds still remains challenging due to (i) the inherent imbalance in the available \;datasets and (ii) the possibility of distribution shif t. Weakly-supervised anomaly detection (AD) methods appear as a possible s olution as they \;should be robust to both challenges. In this work\, we propose two novel weakly-supervised AD methods targeted for tabular dat a. \;We then test AD methods on a private online credit card payment d ataset and compare their performance to Gradient Boosted Decision Trees (G BDT). \;\nWe observe a significant performance gap between GBDT and AD methods\, in favor of GBDT. Our experiments supports the idea that \; although promising\, \;weakly-supervised AD method need further improv ements to compete with GBDT for the task of fraud detection.\nJury\nAlain CELISSE\, rapporteur.\nMarius KLOFT\, rapporteur.\nMazen ALAMIR\, examinat eur.\nLouise TRAVÉ-MASSUYÈS\, examinatrice.\nGaël VAROQUAUX\, examinate ur. CATEGORIES:AAC,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:LISN Site Plaine\, 1 rue Raimond Castaing 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=1 rue Raimond Castaing 91 190 Gif-sur-Yvette\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LISN Site Plaine:ge o:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-183@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20240917T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20240917T170000 DTSTAMP:20240909T083658Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/un-langage-pour-assister-la-co nception-dux-proposition-dun-lexique-dun-modele-de-chronique-et-dune-gramm aire/ SUMMARY:A language to support UX design – Proposition of a lexicon\, a ch ronicle model and a grammar DESCRIPTION:Jury\nStéphanie BUISINE\, Directrice de recherche\, CESI\, Rap porteure &\; Examinatrice\nEmilie POIRSON\, Professeure des université s\, Ecole Centrale de Nantes\, Rapporteure &\; Examinatrice\nFabrice MA NTELET\, Maître de conférences HDR\, Arts et Métiers ParisTech\, Examin ateur\nPascal SALEMBIER\, Professeur\, Université de Technologie de Troye s\, Examinateur\nAbstract\nThe importance of user experience (UX) in desig n is increasingly recognized. This thesis aims to improve UX design practi ces carried out by multidisciplinary teams. These design activities involv e actors with diverse specialties. The literature highlights that dialogue s and languages play a central role in these design processes. The scienti fic literature on UX design resembles a Tower of Babel\, with a multitude of definitions\, models\, and tools\, but lacking a common language for de sign. We propose to improve UX design practices of design teams through a new UX design language. In multidisciplinary teams\, this language should facilitate the establishment of a common framework among designers\, both on the object of their design and on the areas for improvement in their pr actices. This language consists of three elements. The first is a UX lexic on\, providing referential values to enable designers who conceptualize th ings differently or in a conflicting manner to discuss and understand each other. The second element is a model of UX chronicles\, which allows for the graphical representation of UX design activities throughout a project. This model enables designers to adopt a reflective perspective on their p ractices through a shared graphical representation. The final element is a UX grammar\, allowing designers to specify\, imagine\, and evaluate a UX through natural language statements organized and connected in diagram for m. This tool enables designers to create shared objects for discussing des ign problems and their solutions\, complementing other supports specific t o their practices. These tools have been tested in an experiment\, showing promising results in terms of usability and perceived interest. However\, additional experiments on industrial cases are necessary to confirm the c oncrete benefits of these tools in practice.\nKeywords\nUser Experience\; Design activities\; Design tools\; Design language ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/app/uploads/2024/09 /img-10-small480.png CATEGORIES:IaH,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X -TITLE=:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-156@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20231221T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20231221T140000 DTSTAMP:20231218T134145Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/role-des-transferts-denergie-d ans-leffet-dynamo-application-a-lecoulement-de-von-karman/ SUMMARY:Role of energy transfers in the dynamo effect: application to the v on Kármán flow DESCRIPTION:Jury\nYannick PONTY\, Directeur de recherche\, CNRS\, Laboratoi re Lagrange Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur\nNathanaël SCHAEFFER\, Charg é de recherche\, HDR\, CNRS\, Laboratoire ISTerre\nSébastien GALTIER\, P rofesseur à l'Universite Paris-Saclay\, Laboratoire de Physique des Plasm as\, Ecole polytechnique\nFrancky LUDDENS\, Maître de conférences à l ’Université de Rouen Normandie\, Laboratoire de Mathématiques Raphaël Salem\nAbstract\nIn this thesis\, the aim is to better understand the dyn amo effect that takes place in conducting fluids by studying the various e nergy transfers in magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). Motivated by the observatio n that dynamo is a conversion mechanism between magnetic and kinetic energ y\, we develop a new approach to unravel the dynamo mechanism based on loc al (in space\, scale\, and time) energy budgets describing dissipation and scale-by-scale energy transfers. Our approach is based upon a new filteri ng approach that can be used effectively for any type of meshes\,including unstructured ones.In order to simulate the MHD\, we use the SFEMaNS code which is a hybrid method using both a finite element and spectral decompos ition. We first present some developments in SFEMaNS: a better repartition of the unstructured mesh on the processors and a study on solving the Nav ier-Stokes equations using preconditioning matrix methods instead of the c urrent prediction-correction method. Then\, we explain how various post-pr ocessing tools have been implemented in order to compute\, visualize\, and study the energy transfers.Finally\, these tools are used to study the vo n Kármán Sodium setup\, showing dynamo action for two types of impellers (steel or soft iron) in the magnetic field growth and saturation phases. Although the two types of dynamo hardly differ from the mean-field theory point of view (the velocity fields are the same in both cases)\, the local ity of our formalism allows us to trace the origin of the differences betw een these two types of dynamo: for steel impellers\, the dynamo is due to the transfer of kinetic energy both in the bulk and in the vicinity of the impellers\, whereas for soft iron impellers\, the dynamo effect comes fro m the impellers. We also discuss possible signatures of precursors to anom alous dissipation and fast dynamo\, that could become relevant in the invi scid limit. CATEGORIES:M-E,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-176@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris;VALUE=DATE:20240909 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris;VALUE=DATE:20240914 DTSTAMP:20240902T102325Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/summerschool-ict/ SUMMARY:Sustainable ICT summerschool DESCRIPTION:Utopia or dystopia: perspectives &\; choices in Information and Communications Technology (ICT)\nInformations et inscriptions : \nhttp s://www.sictdoctoralschool.com/\nSetting the scene\nIn 2023\, six out of n ine planetary boundaries have been breached. We are facing multiple ecolog ical and environmental crises while we continuously ignore planetary bound aries. Digitalisation and the use of Information and Communication Technol ogies (ICTs) are proposed as ways to face these crises. But is this techno -solutionism\, i.e. the hope that more technology can solve the problems o f earlier technology\, not just an utopia? ICT can provide some benefits\, such as reducing the need for travel or improving energy management. Howe ver\, their ubiquitous deployment and use\, and their constant renewal cau se severe socio-environmental damage and fall short of equity throughout t heir life cycle. We question the relevance of continuously introducing new digital systems\, and the relevance of propositions solely focused on imp roving efficiency without addressing the socio-environmental damage these systems cause. As is\, these systems and their optimizations are “band-a id” solutions that fall short of developing broader perspectives and foc using on systemic change – revising our current models and considering a lternative systems.\nWhat we are going to explore\nThe Sustainable ICT (SI CT) Summer School is an interdisciplinary event that emphasizes learning a s much as doing\, and involves a series of lectures as well as workshops. We will start the week by exploring the current sustainability challenges and opportunities within the ICT industry. In this context\, we will also explore the evolving labour market dynamics influenced by advances in ICT and AI. The focus will be on the 'hidden' workers along the ICT supply cha in as well as\, the challenges faced by researchers working in this discou rse in navigating issues of justice and sustainability. Recognising the ur gency of the sustainability challenges in ICT\, the Summer School will loo k at initiatives taken by both official bodies\, such as policy makers\, a nd unofficial entities\, such as grass-root organisations and activists. A t the end of the week\, the Summer School aims to give participants a sens e of agency by demonstrating that we not only have choices\, but also by p roviding clear action steps. By highlighting actions rather than just choi ces\, the program aims to provide clear strategies for tackling these chal lenges head-on. SICT 2024 aims to empower participants with knowledge\, fa cilitate critical discussions and inspire concrete actions towards a more sustainable and equitable ICT landscape.\nHow we will proceed\nThe aim of SICT 2024 is to provide participants with a comprehensive insight into the multifaceted landscape of socio-economic harms along the supply chain and life-cycle of products\, as well as the efforts being made to promote sus tainability issues\, and to foster a systemic understanding of the collect ive action required to shape a more sustainable future in the ICT sector. Throughout the week\, voices from academia\, politics\, artists\, activist s and organisations will come together to discuss and analyse the sustaina bility challenges facing the ICT sector. The summer school will aim to mov e away from neo-colonialist and extractivist debates on how much pollution is acceptable for progress\, to an approach that is making room for the m ost impacted to be heard.\nWe invite people from diverse communities\, aca demic fields\, the industry and arts to come together for a five-day summe r school in early September 2024\, in Brussels\, Belgium. The event will b e held in English. Places are available to master/PhD students\, researche rs\, senior academics and people working in the industry and arts. We may have a limited number of scholarships available\, details on this will be announced in the coming months. ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/app/uploads/2024/07 /SICT-Poster_OnlyOffice.jpg CATEGORIES:Colloque,Science responsable LOCATION:Bruxelles\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Bruxelles\, France;X-APPLE- RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-152@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20231219T143000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20231219T173000 DTSTAMP:20231211T163524Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/granular-insights-into-financi al-discourse-fine-grained-opinion-analysis-of-expert-texts/ SUMMARY:Granular Insights into Financial Discourse: Fine-Grained Opinion An alysis of Expert Texts DESCRIPTION:Jury\nVéronique MORICEAU\, MdC IRIT - Université Paul Sabatie r - Toulouse 3\nSerge DAROLLES\, Prof. Université Paris Dauphine – PSL\ nPhilippe GILLET\, MdC RITM - Faculté Jean Monnet - Université Paris-Sac lay\nElena CABRIO\, Prof. Université Côte d’Azur\, Inria\, CNRS\, I3S\ n Bich-Liên DOAN Prof. CentraleSupelec\, PhD supervisor\nDirk SCHUMACHER Dr\, Natixis\, PhD supervisor\nPatrick PAROUBEK Dr/HDR\, LISN\, CNRS\, Uni versité Paris-Saclay\, PhD supervisor\nAbstract\nThis PhD research is abo ut analyzing automatically texts written by financial professionals. As co mpanies listed on stock markets have to communicate about their business a ctivities every quarter\, we leverage the recent progress of Artificial In telligence to analyze the texts they publish. We want to know which topics business leaders are the most worried about and which topics they are opt imistic / pessimistic about\, referred to repectively as “aspect” and “polarity”. Currently\, the most effective technology in Computation L inguistics to program computers to "understand" human languages are neural networks models\, often called “black-box” algorithms. Thanks to exam ples labeled by humans and the effective design of algorithms\, the comput er learns how to extract the intended aspects and classify them into prede fined polarities. The performance evaluation is enabled by reference annot ated labels. My experiments show that information labeled by algorithms ca n also help to improve the accuracy in predicting the right opinions. CATEGORIES:Languages Sciences and technology,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:Rue Noetzlin 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue Noetzlin 91190 Gif-sur- Yvette\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-174@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20240909T110000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20240909T120000 DTSTAMP:20240604T155806Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/augmented-reality-for-human-in telligence-amplification/ SUMMARY:Augmented Reality for Human Intelligence Amplification DESCRIPTION:With the recent proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) i nto many aspects of our life\, there is an increased interest in human-cen tric AO\, which puts the human in control rather than seeking universal au tomation. An important aspect of this human-friendly line of thinking is i ntelligence amplification\, which seeks to provide the human with computer -supported tools for performing cognitive tasks. For example\, "AI copilot s" already support us in our everyday desktop work. However\, away from th e desktop\, intelligence amplification becomes scarce\, since we are lacki ng sufficiently rich and simple-to-use interfaces. Here\, augmented realit y (AR) can help to fill the gap. By augmentating human visual perception w ith computer-generated information\, we can provide cognitive support when and where it is needed. This talk will present selected AR techniques fro m over two decades of research\, and outline how AR and AI can be used in new synergistic ways.\nBiography\nDieter Schmalstieg is Alexander von Humb oldt Professor of Visual Computing at the University of Stuttgart\, German y. He is also an adjunct professor at the Institute of Computer Graphics a nd Vision at Graz University of Technology\, Austria. His current research interests are augmented reality\, virtual reality\, computer graphics\, v isualization and human-computer interaction. He received Dipl.-Ing. (1993) \, Dr. techn. (1997) and Habilitation (2001) from Vienna University of Tec hnology. He is author and co-author of over 400 peer-reviewed scientific p ublications with over 20\,000 citations and over twenty best paper awards and nominations. His organizational roles include associate editor in chie f of IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics\, associate editor of Frontiers in Robotics and AI\, member of the steering committee of the IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality\, chair of the EUROGRAPHICS working group on Virtual Environments (1999-2010)\, k ey researcher of the K-Plus Competence Center for Virtual Reality and Visu alization in Vienna and key researcher of the Know-Center in Graz. In 2002 \, he received the START career award presented by the Austrian Science Fu nd. In 2008\, he founded the Christian Doppler Laboratory for Handheld Aug mented Reality. In 2012\, he received the IEEE Virtual Reality technical a chievement award\, and\, in 2020\, the IEEE ISMAR Career Impact Award. He was elected as Fellow of IEEE\, as a member of the Austrian Academy of Sci ences\, the Academia Europaea\, and the IEEE VGTC Virtual Reality Academy. CATEGORIES:IaH,Séminaires LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X -TITLE=LISN Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-164@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20240318T153000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20240318T183000 DTSTAMP:20240229T110933Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/projeter-les-langages-informat iques-pour-une-interaction-proteiforme/ SUMMARY:Projecting Computer Languages for a Protean Interaction DESCRIPTION:Jury \nAmy KO Professor\, University of Washington Rapporteure &\; Examinatrice \nStéphane CONVERSY Professor\, ENAC-LII &\; Unive rsité de Toulouse Rapporteur &\; Examinateur\n Alan DIX Professor\, Sw ansea University Examinateur \nAnastasia BEZERIANOS Professor\, Universit é Paris-Saclay Examinatrice \nTomas PETRICEK Assistant Professor\, Charle s University Examinateur \nAbstract\nTo interact with computers\, we often rely on computer languages such as Python for creating programs and LaTeX for writing technical documents. In the past few decades\, these language s have become increasingly used in a variety of fields ranging from scienc e to arts. They are now being taught to millions of pupils and have become a staple skill in the job market\, widening the gap between those who are computer literates and the others. However\, for the most part\, our inte raction with these languages has remained similar to what it used to be fi fty years ago: reading and writing code as plain text. Although various al ternatives have been introduced\, they have often been developed with a mo dernist approach\, in isolation from popular languages and widespread work flows\, resulting in systems that hardly cross the borders of academic cir cles and niche communities. As a result\, our interaction with computer la nguages is now hampered by essentialist views that encourage us to move aw ay from them\, at the risk of losing some of the agency they give us\, as if dealing with code was nothing but a burden from the past compared to ev er more “simple” user interfaces and “intelligent” code synthesis. In this thesis\, I argue against this view that I consider harmful to hum an-computer interaction research and computer-driven democracies. To do so \, I introduce a number of arguments that show that it is indeed possible —and even beneficial—to make our interaction with computer languages m ore pluralist\, including with the many languages that already exist that are inherent to the diversity of computing in the 21st century. I first de velop a new theory of interaction with computer languages that shows that no such language is inherently bound to a specific representation or type of interaction. To that end\, I deconstruct the notion of computer languag e into five fundamental aspects to isolate interaction from the other cons tituents of these languages\, yielding a more holistic model than those th at already exist. I then use this model to identify different levels of in teraction with computer languages\, which can be hybridised\, and show tha t a single piece of code can very well be projected onto several represent ations to let end-users decide which representation supports the form of i nteraction most appropriate for them. I then apply this view of computer l anguages to two research problems using user-centred design methodologies: helping users author documents written in LaTeX and helping programmers a ppropriate their text editors by crafting their own projections. For each problem\, I assess the limitations of existing solutions with the help of a formative study\; I develop a prototype of a text editor equipped with a dditional projections\; and I evaluate it with both qualitative and quanti tative user studies. The results show that that complementing text with ot her representations helps us understand and modify code faster and with a lower workload and that these representations can be created by recomposin g existing parts that can be reused from one projection to another. In con clusion\, I show that considering interaction with computer languages as p rojections makes it more protean\, an approach which\, according to this t hesis\, is theoretically grounded\, technically possible and empirically d esirable. It lends itself to the urgent task of equipping an ever-growing public of citizens with new intellectual and technical tools to help them understand and appropriate the computer languages that rule the societies we live in. CATEGORIES:IaH,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:LISN Site Plaine – Digitéo\, 1 rue René THOM 91190 Gif-sur -Yvette\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=1 rue René THOM 91190 Gif- sur-Yvette\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LISN Site Plaine – Digit éo:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-199@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20241022T093000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20241022T123000 DTSTAMP:20241014T090602Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/conception-dinteractions-motiv ationnelles-adaptatives-et-mobiles-pour-le-changement-de-comportement-appl ication-a-la-lombalgie/ SUMMARY:Designing Motivational\, Adaptive and Mobile Interactions for Behav ior Change: Application to Low Back Pain DESCRIPTION:Jury\nYann LAURILLAU\, Maître de conférences-HdR\, LIG-CNRS\, Université Grenoble Alpes\, Rapporteur &\; Examinateur\nElena MUGELLI NI\, Professeure des Universités\, Institut HumanTech\, Haute école d'in génierie et d'architecture de Fribourg\, Rapporteuse et Examinatrice\nGa ëlle CALVARY\, Professeure des Universités\, LIG-CNRS\, Université Gren oble Alpes\, Examinatrice\,\nChristophe KOLSKI\, Professeur des Universit és\, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France\, Examinateur\,\nAudrey SE RNA\, Maîtresse de conférences\, LIRIS-CNRS\, Institut National des Scie nces Appliquées de Lyon\, Examinatrice.Christelle Nguyen\, Professeure de s Universités - Praticienne Hospitalière\, INSERM UMRS-1124\, Universit é de Paris\, Hôpital Cochin-AP-HP\, Invitée\nAbstract\nToday's technolo gies are known as persuasive or motivational\, referring to technologies\, applications or services designed to induce changes in the attitudes and behaviors of those who use them. This is the subject of research in Human- Computer Interaction\, in conjunction with theories from psychology linked \, for example\, to behavior change or motivation. Research on these techn ologies suggests that\, in order to encourage long-term adherence\, these “virtual coaches” need to be personalized and/or adapted according to users' individual characteristics (stage of behavior change\, motivations\ , preferences\, barriers). For example\, according to Self-Determination T heory (SDT)\, an individual may present different forms of motivation\, mo re or less effective. The aim is to identify the forms of motivation prese nt in users\, in order to offer services and interactions that reinforce o r develop them. The use of such systems in the healthcare field has the po tential to induce and reinforce health behaviors that are sometimes diffic ult for caregivers to establish. Offering personalized daily care represen ts a considerable human and financial cost for healthcare professionals. A mobile application has the advantage of being able to cope with these con straints. The aim of this thesis is to design this computer coach with and for patients suffering from chronic low back pain\, to help them manage t heir condition\, particularly with regard to their pain and the practice o f regular physical activity. The major challenges of this thesis include t he selection and coordination of different existing methodologies\, as wel l as the evaluation of the application's quality and effectiveness. Key is sues address a thorough understanding of patients in terms of psychologica l characteristics\, the implementation of a user-centered and participator y approach to meet patients' needs\, the tailoring of the intervention to foster the behavior change process\, and the evaluation of this interventi on on patients' engagement and behavior change process. The contributions are structured around three axes: (1) the proposal of a design and evaluat ion metamodel for adaptive digital interventions to support behavior chang e\, (2) the identification of low back pain patient profiles based on psyc hological characteristics related to the behavior change process\, and (3) the design of a mobile application for low back pain patients. Thus\, thi s thesis proposes a useful approach to guide the design of adaptive human- machine interventions and interactions\, based on theories in the psycholo gy of behavior change and involving professionals and patients in the desi gn process. CATEGORIES:Thèses et HDR LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-225@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20241219T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20241219T140000 DTSTAMP:20241216T154159Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/vers-levaluation-multimodale-d u-niveau-l2-caracteristiques-de-la-parole-et-du-mouvement-des-yeux-dans-un -cadre-multimodal/ SUMMARY:Towards multimodal assessment of L2 level: speech and eye tracking features in a cross-cultural settingVers l'évaluation multimodale du nive au L2: caractéristiques de la parole et du mouvement des yeux dans un cad re multimodal DESCRIPTION:Committee\nVéronique DELVAUX\, Professor\, Université de Mons \nSophie HERMENT\, Professor\, Université d’Aix-Marseille\nRalph ROSE\, Professor\, Waseda University\nSébastien LALLÉ\, Associate Professor\, Sorbonne Université\nNicolas AUDIBERT\, Associate Professor\, Université Sorbonne Nouvelle\nCédric Gendrot\, Professor\, Université Sorbonne Nou velle\nAbstract\nIn recent years\, the world of education has undergone cr itical changes\, especially with the system's massive digitalization in 20 20\, as well as the advancement of generative AI technologies. LeCycl (Lea rning Cyclotron) [Vargo et al.\, 2023] project is a part of this scientifi c trend and its aim is to accelerate the knowledge flow. It takes into con sideration 3 main processes of learning: perception\, mastering and transf er. This thesis\, as part of the LeCycl project\, focuses on exploring sec ond language (L2) oral reading strategies and analyzing difficulties faced by representatives of different cultures and their techniques of coping w ith them. For this purpose\, we are relying on multimodal cues including s peech and eye tracking\, as well as an original protocol that introduces n udges (represented by comic books) for the cultural adaptation [Hutin et a l.\, 2023]. For this purpose\, we developed a protocol involving the colle ction of reading aloud data from both native and non-native English speake rs (French and Japanese speakers) [Kobylyanskaya\, 2022]. We analyzed spea kers’ performance throughacoustic and linguistic measures (phoneme reali zation\, prosody and disfluencies such as pauses\, hesitations\, truncatio ns)\, as well as eye movement measures [El Baha et al. 2022\; Kobylyanskay a et al.\, 2023]. Then\, we usedmachine learning methods to define the spe aker’s L2 level based on the extracted measures. Finally\, we evaluate t he contribution of comic books images on speakers’ oral reading performa nce. The results highlight that the representatives of different cultures face different challenges when reading in a foreign language and employ di fferent strategies to overcome them\, which are translated both at verbal and ocular levels. Our results underline the need for culturally adapted l earning tools and the challenges involved in developing them. CATEGORIES:STL,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-222@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20241213T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20241213T170000 DTSTAMP:20241211T093812Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/la-dimension-socio-affective-d ans-les-innovations-numeriques-vers-une-nouvelle-comprehension-des-interac tions-humain-machine-en-sante-et-education/ SUMMARY:The socio-affective dimension in digital innovations : toward a new understanding of Human-Machine Interactions in health and education DESCRIPTION:Jury\nM. Jacques Fischer Lokou\, Université Bretagne Sud IUT d e Vannes\, Reviewer.\nM. Thierry Meyer\, Université Paris Nanterre\, Revi ewer\nMme Estelle Michinov\, Université de Rennes 2\, Reviewer\nMme Beatr ice Cahour\, Institut Interdisciplinaire de l'Innovation\, Examiner\nM. Je an-Claude Martin\, Université Paris Saclay\, Examiner\nAbstract\nModern l ifestyles\, characterized by inadequate dietary habits and a lack of physi cal activity\, contribute to the rise of non-communicable diseases\, exace rbating public health issues while negatively impacting the environment. I n response to these challenges\, sustainable behavioral changes are essent ial to promoting healthier and more environmentally friendly lifestyles.\n Psychology has long been concerned with the mechanisms of behavior change and the factors that facilitate it. Emerging technologies\, particularly v irtual agents\, present promising perspectives for studying and influencin g these dynamics. These agents\, more than mere interfaces\, are perceived by users as social entities capable of fostering rich interactions\, wher e mental states\, for instance\, may be attributed to them. The primary ai m of this research is to enhance the theoretical understanding of socio-em otional interactions between humans and machines while guiding the develop ment of interactive technologies that meet the emotional and social needs of users.\nOur research highlights the importance of congruent multimodal cues and context in recognizing emotions expressed by virtual agents. Thes e findings underscore the necessity for accurate modeling of interactions to optimize the human-machine relationship. Additionally\, personalizing i nteractions\, combined with the integration of socio-affective competencie s in virtual agents tailored to user profiles\, is crucial for improving e ngagement\, the quality of exchanges\, and the adoption of technologies in complex environments.\nMoreover\, our work on multisensory interactions d emonstrates that targeted improvements in virtual environments and assisti ve technologies can significantly enhance user experience\, increase acces sibility\, and maximize the efficiency of these devices.\nOur research pro ject advances these contributions by focusing on three main areas: (1) emo tional dynamics in human-machine interactions\, (2) collaborative processe s between humans and virtual agents\, and (3) long-term user engagement in digital interventions. We believe that addressing the socio-affective dim ension of Human-Machine Interaction and personalizing design are key eleme nts in creating effective and widely adopted digital interventions\, there by addressing current challenges in education and public health. ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/app/uploads/2024/12 /HDR-CC.png CATEGORIES:IaH,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-186@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20240909T110000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20240909T120000 DTSTAMP:20240909T090636Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/augmented-reality-for-human-in telligence-amplification-2/ SUMMARY:Augmented Reality for Human Intelligence Amplification DESCRIPTION:With the recent proliferation of artificial intelligence (AI) i nto many aspects of our life\, there is an increased interest in human-cen tric AO\, which puts the human in control rather than seeking universal au tomation.An important aspect of this human-friendly line of thinking is in telligence amplification\, which seeks to provide the human with computer- supported tools for performing cognitive tasks. For example\, "AI copilots " alreadysupport us in our everyday desktop work. However\, away from the desktop\, intelligence amplification becomes scarce\, since we are lacking sufficiently rich and simple-to-use interfaces. Here\, augmented reality (AR) can help to fill the gap. By augmentating human visual perception wit h computer-generated information\, we can provide cognitive support when a nd where it is needed. This talk will present selected AR techniques from over two decades of research\, and outline how AR and AI can be used in ne w synergistic ways. ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/app/uploads/2024/09 /Dieter-Schmalstieg.jpg CATEGORIES:IaH,Séminaires LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-195@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20241002T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20241002T170000 DTSTAMP:20240919T152719Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/collaborative-immersive-analyt ics-for-meteorological-and-climatological-data/ SUMMARY:Collaborative Immersive Analytics for Meteorological and Climatolog ical Data DESCRIPTION:Jury\nKrzysztof Walczak\, Professeur à l'Université d'Économ ie et de Commerce de Poznań\, Pologne\, Rapporteur\nCharles Pontonnier\, Maître de conférences HDR à l'École Normale Supérieure de Rennes\, Fr ance\, \; Rapporteur\nSamir Otmane\, Professeur à l'Université d'Év ry Paris-Saclay\, France\, Examinateur\nChristophe Hurter\, Professeur à l'École Nationale de l'Aviation Civile\, France\, Examinateur\nValérie G ouranton\, Maîtresse de conférences HDR à l'INSA Rennes\, France\,  \; Examinatrice\nNicolas Viltard\, Maître de conférences à l'Universit é de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines\, France\, Examinateur\nRésum é\nRecent advancements in immersive technologies\, such as Head-Mounted D isplays (HMDs) in Augmented Reality (AR)\, have opened new possibilities f or collaborative visual analytics. However\, leveraging these technologies to enhance data analytics remains challenging due to the complexity and d ensity of data\, particularly in fields like meteorology. In this work\, w e propose novel interaction techniques aimed at improving the selection an d analysis of dense data point clouds in AR environments. We also introduc e a data integration approach based on Ontology and Linked Data\, facilita ting efficient querying and filtering during analysis. We evaluated these techniques through a user experimental study using storm and cyclone datas ets\, which showed promising results for collaborative climate data analys is. Additionally\, we proposed and evaluated a spatial partitioning techni que for co-located collaborative AR setups. Our findings demonstrate the p otential of AR spatial partitioning in immersive analytics for complex dat a exploration. ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/app/uploads/2024/09 /119__63B0235-scaled.jpg CATEGORIES:Thèses et HDR,VENISE LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-304@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250930T110000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250930T110000 DTSTAMP:20250912T100202Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/developing-the-framed-multi30k -fm30k-multimodal-multilingual-dataset-2-2/ SUMMARY:Developing the Framed Multi30k (FM30k) multimodal-multilingual data set 2/2 DESCRIPTION:Résumé\nLes modèles de langage transforment la manière dont on analyse les contenus politiques\, mais ils peuvent aussi refléter des biais implicites qui influencent leurs réponses. Nous verrons comment\, pour une tâche simple\, le seul fait de changer le nom d’un politicien dans une phrase peut faire varier le jugement du modèle.Pour aller plus l oin\, nous explorerons ces biais à travers plusieurs langues (anglais\, f rançais\, arabe\, russe…) et différents modèles (Mistral\, Meta\, Ope nAI…). Nous essayerons de comprendre comment des facteurs comme le pays d’origine\, l’orientation politique\, le genre ou la langue d'entraine ment influencent ces décalages\, avec des biais parfois surprenants.Nous analyserons les différences entre langues\, questionnerons l’origine de ces biais\, et réfléchirons à leurs conséquences pour les futurs dév eloppements.Enfin\, nous proposerons une méthode simple pouvant déjà ai der à limiter ces effets\, tout en discutant des défis éthiques majeurs liés à l’utilisation responsable des LLMs dans des contextes politiqu es de plus en plus polarisés\nRéférence\n https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.19 776 CATEGORIES:Séminaires LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-299@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250917T090000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250917T090000 DTSTAMP:20250910T192829Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/reinforcement-learning-and-fed erated-learning-based-multi-band-assignment-for-iot-short-packet-communica tions/ SUMMARY:Reinforcement Learning and Federated Learning-based Multi-Band Assi gnment for IoT Short Packet Communications DESCRIPTION:Jury members\nAndré-Luc BEYLOT\, Professor\, Toulouse INP\, Re viewer &\; Examiner \nKandaraj PIAMRAT\, Maitre de Conferences\, Nantes Université\, Reviewer &\; Examiner \nNadjib AIT-SAADI\, Professor\, U niversité Paris-Saclay\, Examiner \nFatiha ZAIDI\, Professor\, Universit é Paris-Saclay\, Examiner\nSteven MARTIN\, Professor\, Université Paris- Saclay\, Examiner \nYusheng JI\, Professor\, National Institute of Informa tics\, Examiner\nKensuke FUKUDA\, Professor\, National Institute of Inform atics\, Examiner \nTakashi KURIMOTO\, Professor\, National Institute of In formatics\, Examiner \nAbstract\n5G services are classified into Ultra-Rel iable Low-Latency Communications (URLLC)\, enhanced Mobile Broadband commu nications (eMBB)\, and massive Machine Type Communications (mMTC). Beyond 5G (B5G) and 6G communications are expected to cover extreme demands\, joi ntly in terms of rate\, delay\, reliability. Emergent applications such as Extended Reality (XR) or autonomous driving are expected to require Terab its data rate\, extreme reliability and/or delay. Moreover\, given the tre mendous amount of wireless devices\, and especially IoT devices\, meeting the requirements of future networks appears to be extremely challenging. M any recent studies have focused on the use of the high millimeter Wave (mm Wave) frequencies due to their large bandwidth. However\, mmWaves suffer o f a severe sensitivity to obstacles and a high path loss\, restricting the ir applicability. To overcome these frailties\, many works proposed to joi ntly use the conventional Sub-6GHz frequencies and the mmWave. Most IoT ap plications\, for example in industrial control\, can be characterized by t heir generation of small packets (Short-Packet Communications (SPC)). For such traffic\, Shannon’s capacity theorem becomes inapplicable due to th e size and nature of SPC. To better model the achievable rates\, we adopt the Finite Blocklength theory\, which accounts for packet size and reliabi lity constraints. This thesis investigates the problem of band association and radio resource allocation of IoT devices to maximize the system sum-r ate under heterogeneous Quality of Service (QoS) demands. We first propose a unifying framework devoted to SPC that jointly optimizes the user parti tioning\, and the radio resource scheduling within each band. Leveraging c entralized Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL)\, the proposed method enables to better tackle the challenges imposed by dynamically varying mobile env ironments. Regarding the DRL-based user partitioning\, we have investigate d three different types of actions to obtain a high network performance an d rapid convergence. Regarding the resource allocation\, we designed two o ptimization methods\, one that leverages Difference of Convex Programming (DCP)\, and the second that accelerates convergence. Numerical evaluations show that the proposed methods outperform conventional approaches. While our centralized framework efficiently optimizes users' band associations\, centralization entails important communication costs and increasing compl exity. Recently\, Multi-Agent DRL (MADRL) approaches attracted attention\, as solving the problem at the edge avoids communication burden. However\, efficient solutions must be provided to allow efficient coordination of d istributed devices. To enhance coordination while avoiding heavy communica tion costs\, Federated MADRL (F-MADRL) has been studied where each device trains its model locally while a periodic model aggregation done at a cent ral node improves cooperation. Since each IoT device faces a unique mobile environment\, personalized F-MADRL was introduced to improve local decisi on making. We propose two personalized F-MADRL methods that enable each us er to adapt their model to the mobile environment\, thereby improving the overall network performance and reducing signaling costs. Simulations show that our methods outperform benchmark MADRL schemes. Finally\, we focus o ur work on denser and more dynamic network scenarios. We evaluate a third personalization strategy to improve robustness in heterogeneous environmen ts. To reduce the complexity of the DCP-based resource allocation\, we exp lore low-complexity algorithm\, as the mathematical optimization we used u ntil now requires a computationally intensive process. Results show promis ing performance of our proposed solution in denser networks\, outperformin g conventional algorithm in terms of outage probabilities or sum-rate. Fin ally\, we evaluate robustness under user mobility and blockage\, showing t he fast adaptivity of our personalized F-MADRL framework. CATEGORIES:Science des Données,Thèses et HDR END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-324@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20251008T093000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20251008T093000 DTSTAMP:20251006T134250Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/vers-des-dialogues-plus-nature ls-integrer-des-competences-de-dialogue-informel-a-des-agents-conversation nels-orientes-tache/ SUMMARY:Towards More Natural Dialogues: Integrating Chitchat Capabilities i nto Task-oriented Dialogue Agents DESCRIPTION:Rapporteurs\nFrançois Portet\, Professeur\, Université Grenob le-Alpes\nYves Lepage\, Professeur\, Waseda University\nExaminateurs\nSakr iani Sakti\, Professeure\, Nara Institute of Science and Technology (NAIST )\nSophie Rosset\, Directrice de Recherche CNRS\, Université Paris-Saclay \nOndřej Dušek\, Assistant Professor\, Charles University\, Prague\nAbs tract\nThe ability to hold natural\, human-like conversations has long bee n regarded as a hallmark of intelligence. Contemporary dialogue systems ar e typically divided into two categories: task-oriented dialogue (TOD)\, fo cused on efficiency and goal completion\, and open-domain chitchat\, cente red on engagement and social connection. Yet human conversations rarely co nform to this dichotomy. Everyday dialogue interleaves transactional and s ocial goals\, suggesting that dialogue systems should likewise integrate b oth modes to achieve more natural interactions.\nThis thesis investigates the integration of chitchat into task-oriented dialogue\, advancing the ar gument that these modes are not competing but complementary. The work is s tructured in two parts. The first part provides a state-of-the-art overvie w of dialogue systems\, tracing the historical evolution of TOD and chitch at agents\, the datasets and evaluation paradigms that shaped them\, and t he emergence of integrated “inter-mode” approaches. It also introduces relevant natural language processing and machine learning foundations\, p ositioning recent advances in large language models as critical enablers o f hybrid dialogue systems.\nThe second part presents original research con tributions that explore how chitchat can enhance task-oriented dialogue in practice. Four studies are reported. First\, a comparative study evaluate s different strategies for injecting chitchat into TOD\, revealing distinc t lexical patterns and showing how certain forms of social talk improve di versity and engagement. Second\, a unified modeling approach demonstrates that incorporating user emotion detection into an end-to-end TOD system im proves both task success and conversational naturalness\, underscoring the value of affective signals in practical interactions. Third\, we augment TODs with synthetic user backstories\, simulating inter-mode scenarios by embedding elements of a user narrative into task requests. This training d ata supports both the evaluation and improvement of model robustness to su ch common inter-mode inputs. Finally\, a few-shot prompting approach shows that large language models can flexibly combine task-oriented and chitcha t capabilities without architectural modifications\, highlighting the prac ticality of LLM-based methods for building unified dialogue agents.\nToget her\, these contributions advance the development of inter-mode dialogue s ystems by addressing key challenges such as dataset limitations\, unified modeling of social and task signals\, and robustness to blended user input . The thesis demonstrates that chitchat and TOD can be coherently integrat ed without necessarily sacrificing task performance. Ultimately\, it argue s that moving beyond the artificial separation of TOD and chitchat is esse ntial for creating dialogue systems that are not only effective and reliab le\, but also more natural\, empathetic\, and enjoyable.\nLien visio conf érence : ici CATEGORIES:STL,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-315@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20251002T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20251002T140000 DTSTAMP:20250925T145717Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/construction-of-model-behavior -by-novices-through-interaction-with-machine-learning/ SUMMARY:Construction of Model Behavior by Novices through Interaction with Machine Learning DESCRIPTION:Jury\nGenoveva Vargas-Solar – Researcher (HDR)\, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 – Reviewer &\; Examiner\nSimone Stumpf –  \;Professor\, University of Glasgow – Reviewer &\; Examiner\nMarianel a Ciolfi Felice – \;Assistant Professor\, KTH Royal Institute of Tec hnology – Examiner\nAnastasia Bezerianos – Professor\, Université Par is-Saclay – Examiner\nAbstract\nMachine learning (ML) systems increasing ly mediate decisions across domains such as hiring\, healthcare\, criminal justice\, and content moderation. While often framed as neutral or object ive\, these systems frequently reproduce the very inequalities they claim to address. Such harms are not isolated technical failures\, but reflectio ns of broader sociotechnical dynamics: models encode dominant norms shaped by the data\, assumptions\, and institutional practices that underlie the ir design. Addressing these dynamics requires moving beyond internal perfo rmance metrics and attending to how model behavior unfolds in context\, in cluding how models operate in real-world settings and how people interpret and respond to their outputs.\nThis thesis investigates how model behavio r is not only examined but constructed through human interaction with ML m odels in real-world settings. It centers novice users who are typically ex cluded from formal development pipelines but directly impacted by model de cisions\, exploring how they interpret\, evaluate\, and potentially shape model behavior through interaction. Grounded in Human–Computer Interacti on (HCI) and informed by Science and Technology Studies (STS) and AI ethic s\, this thesis adopts a human-centered lens to present two empirical stud ies that engage novice users in the development and post-deployment phases of the ML lifecycle. These studies examine how user interaction makes mod el behavior accessible for reflection\, negotiation\, critique\, and\, if possible\, change.\nThe first study introduces Collaborative Interactive M achine Teaching \;(CIMT)\, where small groups of novice users train an image classifier using a web-based platform called TeachTOK. It examines how participants collaboratively plan teaching strategies\, curate trainin g data\, and reflect on model behavior using real-time feedback. Findings show that collaboration was central to negotiating teaching objectives\, s uch as representational diversity\, and building a shared understanding of model behavior.\nThe second study investigates user-driven algorithm audi ting \;as a post-deployment practice\, in which non-experts evaluate a pretrained image captioning model for gender bias. Drawing on cognitive m odels of sensemaking\, we designed an auditing interface with two addition al tools: one that supports hypothesis testing through input manipulation\ , and another that enables grouping outputs to reveal patterns. A between- subjects online study examined how interface conditions shaped users’ se nsemaking outcomes. Findings show that different tools influenced which ha rms users could detect\, how they formed hypotheses\, and how they develop ed confidence in their interpretations. \;\nAcross both development an d post-deployment phases\, this thesis demonstrates how novices’ interac tion with the ML model contributes to the construction of model behavior. In CIMT\, participants shaped behavior through teaching and negotiation. I n auditing\, they surfaced harms and evaluated model behavior through iter ative sensemaking. In both cases\, users brought their own perspectives to bear on how models should behave\, perspectives often excluded from conve ntional ML development and evaluation.\nThis work contributes empirical\, technical\, and methodological insights that have the potential to support participatory and reflexive approaches to machine learning within human-c entered AI\, and calls for future research grounded in sustained\, real-wo rld\, and community-led practices. CATEGORIES:IaH,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-334@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20251211T093000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20251211T093000 DTSTAMP:20251202T111624Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/conformal-predictions-and-risk -control-in-machine-learning-models-to-improve-performance-and-human-decis ion-making/ SUMMARY:Conformal Predictions and Risk Control in Machine Learning Models t o Improve Performance and Human Decision-Making DESCRIPTION:Keywords\nComputer vision\, uncertainty quantification\, confor mal prediction\, risk control\, deep learning\nAbstract\nMachine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) models are increasingly deployed in critical a pplications where errors may lead to severe consequences. Despite their st rong predictive performance\, their inability to reliably express uncertai nty limits trust\, safety\, and compliance. Uncertainty Quantification (UQ ) addresses this challenge by estimating confidence levels in predictions\ , enabling safer decision-making and improved performance.In this thesis\, I introduce post-hoc\, model-agnostic\, and black-box UQ methods applicab le to both classical tasks (regression\, classification) and structured ou tputs such as segmentation and object detection. The contributions include : (1) new conformal prediction techniques integrated into the MAPIE librar y\, including extensions to Gaussian processes\, and (2) risk-control appr oaches based on accuracy for biomedical detection\, as well as adaptive ri sk control for segmentation. Experiments on various real-world datasets de monstrate that these methods enhance the reliability and effectiveness of machine learning systems.\nJury Composition\nMr. Mathieu SERRURIER\, Unive rsité Toulouse II Jean Jaurès – Reviewer\nMr. Lionel BOMBRUN\, Laborat ory for Integration from Material to System\, Université de Bordeaux – Reviewer\nMs. Soundouss MESSOUDI\, Université de Technologie de Compiègn e – Examiner\nMr. Sébastien GERCHINOVITZ\, IRT Saint Exupéry – Exami ner\nMr. Antoine MANZANERA\, ENSTA-Paris\, IP Paris – Examiner\nMr. Gill es BLANCHARD\, Université Paris-Saclay – Examiner\nPublications\nAccess to the open Publications published on HAL : https://universite-paris-sacl ay.hal.science/LISN/search/index?q=blot CATEGORIES:M-E,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:LISN Site Plaine – Digitéo\, 1 rue René THOM 91190 Gif-sur -Yvette\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=1 rue René THOM 91190 Gif- sur-Yvette\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LISN Site Plaine – Digit éo:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-323@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20251006T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20251006T140000 DTSTAMP:20250925T151106Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/methodes-computationnelles-bas ees-sur-lapprentissage-profond-pour-la-prediction-des-structures-3d-darn/ SUMMARY:Méthodes computationnelles basées sur l’apprentissage profond p our la prédiction des structures 3D d’ARN DESCRIPTION:Jury\nMr. Frédéric Cazals\, Research Director\, Inria Centre at Université Côte d’Azur\, Reviewer\nMr. Pierre Geurts\, Full profess or\, Liège University\, Reviewer\nMr. Sebastian Kmiecik\, Full professor\ , University of Warsaw\, Reviewer\nMs. Florence D’Alche-Buc\, Professor\ , Institut Polytechnique de Paris\, Telecom Paris\, Examiner\,\nMr. Alain Denise\, Professeur\, Paris-Saclay University\, LISN\, Examinor\nMs. Elena Rivas\, Senior Research Fellow\, Harvard University\, Examinor\nMr. Tomas z Zok\, Associate professor\, Poznan University of Technology\, Examinor\n Ms. Marta Szachniuk\, Full professor\, Poznan University of Technology\, I nvited member\nAbstract\nRNAs are\, like proteins\, biological molecules t hat play essential roles at various stages in the life of an organism and are involved in various diseases. Determining their structure\, especially 3D\, is essential to understand their function better. Recently\, Google DeepMind proposed a method called AlphaFold\, for the prediction of the 3D structure of proteins based on deep learning\, which revolutionized the f ield by showing a high outperformance compared to the state-of-art. Howeve r\, RNA and protein molecules differ significantly in structure and dynami cs\, making it non-trivial to apply protein- based methods directly to RNA . AlphaFold\, AlphaFold 2\, as well as AlphaFold 3\, its new version that also predicts RNA 3D structure\, rely heavily on multiple sequence alignme nts (MSAs) as input\, which are expensive to compute and not always availa ble\, especially for RNAs. \;\nIn this thesis\, we aim to get ride of the MSA information for the prediction of RNA 3D structures. We seek to de velop methods to predict RNA 3D structures from sequence information only. For this\, we leverage deep learning methods and particularly language-ba sed models\nto map sequences to structure features. By using language-base d models pretrained on a large set of RNA sequences\, we can learn RNA str uctural features and then predict the 3D structure.\nThe work in this thes is is separated into three main contributions. The first\, called RNAdviso r\, is a tool that wraps the state-of-the-art RNA 3D structure assessment tools to comprehensively evaluate RNA 3D structures\, both with and withou t experimental references. The second contribution\, State-of-the-RNArt\, is a benchmark of the state-of-the-art RNA 3D structure prediction methods \, highlighting current methods’ limitations and challenges. It is follo wed by a more detailed analysis of the limitations of AlphaFold 3. The thi rd contribution\, RNA-TorsionBERT\, is a deep learning method that predict s the torsion angles of RNA 3D structures from the sequence\, which are an important feature of RNA 3D structures. It leverages a language-based mod el to map sequences to structure features. It is extended to a new scoring function\, TorsionBERT-MCQ\, that can assess the quality of RNA 3D struct ures in torsional space. This work is a step towards the development of de ep learning methods for RNA 3D structure prediction\, using only sequence information and not relying on costly multiple-sequence alignments. CATEGORIES:STL,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X -TITLE=:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-229@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250402T133000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20250402T160000 DTSTAMP:20250404T101822Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/forum-codalab-codabench/ SUMMARY:Forum Codalab / Codabench DESCRIPTION:Pour la deuxième année consécutive\, en 2024\, Codabench a été classée première plateforme dans le « State of Competitive Machin e Learning » de MLConstests (voir l'actualité sur le site du LISN en 202 3).\nProgramme\n13h30 Café d'accueil\n14h00 Présentation des plateformes Codalab et Codabench\nIntroduction : Anne-Catherine Letournel\, Ingénieu re LISN\, équipe ASARD\nLa science avec Codalab et Codabench : Adrien Pav ao\, Contributeur\, Docteur en informatique\nInfrastructure de production : Obada Haddad-Soussac\, Ingénieur\, LISN\, équipe ASARD\nBuilding Toget her in Open Source: the Github community : Ihsan Ullah\, Contributeur\, In génieur\n14h40 Retours d'expérience d'organisateurs de compétitions\n"O rganisation des campagnes d'évaluation multilingues en traitement automat ique des langues avec Codabench - réseaux PARSEME et UniDive": Agata Sava ry\, Professeure\, LISN\, équipe SEME\n"NeurIPS'24 \;experiment: LLM as an Author Checklist Assistant": Hieu Khuong\, chercheur doctorant\, LIS N équipes GALAC-A&\;O\n"Évaluation du module Algorithmique Avancée d e la dominante Info&\;Num à CentraleSupélec": Joanna Tomasik\, profes seur\, LISN équipe GALaC\n15h30 Questions / réponses et conclusion\nAcc ès au site de Codabench\nLien visio\nJoanna Tomasik\nJoanna Tomasik\nAgat a Savary\nPause\nIsabelle Guyon\nAnne-Catherine Letournel\nObada Haddad-So ussac\nObada Haddad-Soussac\nA lire sur le site du LISN\, pour en savoir p lusCODALAB classée première plateforme (mars 2024)CODALAB : des défis s cientifiques pour accélérer l’innovation en IA (mai 2024 ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/app/uploads/2025/02 /codabench-1.jpg CATEGORIES:IA,Séminaires LOCATION:LISN Site Plaine – Digitéo\, 1 rue René THOM 91190 Gif-sur -Yvette\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=1 rue René THOM 91190 Gif- sur-Yvette\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LISN Site Plaine – Digit éo:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-215@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20241204T100000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20241204T100000 DTSTAMP:20241119T164106Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/apprentissage-statistique-pour -les-modeles-climatiques/ SUMMARY:Statistical Learning for Climate Models DESCRIPTION:Climate models face challenges in accurately representing atmos pheric circulation patterns related to extreme weather events\, especially regarding regional variability. This thesis explores how Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA)\, a statistical learning method originating from natural language processing\, can be adapted to evaluate the ability of climate m odels to represent data such as SeaLevel Pressure (SLP). LDA identifies a set of local synoptic-scale structures\, physically interpretable as cyclo nes and anticyclones\, referred to as motifs. A common basis of motifs can be used to describe reanalysis and model data so that any SLP map can be represented as a sparse combination of these motifs. The motif weights pro vide local information on the synoptic configuration of circulation. By an alyzing the weights\, we can characterize circulation patterns in both rea nalysis data and models\, allowing us to identify local biases\, both in g eneral data and during extreme events. A global dynamic error can be defin ed for each model run based on the differences between the average weights of the run and reanalysis data. This methodology was applied to four CMIP 6 models. While large-scale circulation is well predicted by all models on average\, higher errors are found for heatwaves and cold spells. In gener al\, a major source of error is found to be associated with Mediterranean motifs\, for all models. Additional evaluation criteria were considered: o ne was based on the frequency of motifs in the sparse map representation. Another one involved combining the global dynamic error with the temperatu re error\, thus making it possible to discriminate between models. These r esults show the potential of LDA for model evaluation and preselection.\nT he defense will take place in the presence of the following jury :\nMarc B OCQUET\, Professeur\, CEREA\, école des ponts\nCorentin HERBERT\, Chargé de recherche CNRS\, ENS de Lyon\nMathieu VRAC\, Directeur de recherche CN RS\, LSCE\nFrançois YVON\, Directeur de recherche CNRS\, ISIR\, Sorbonne Université CATEGORIES:M-E,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-50@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20211213T150000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20211213T160000 DTSTAMP:20230831T085249Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/efficient-generation-of-rectan gulations-and-elimination-trees-via-permutation-languages/ SUMMARY:Efficient generation of rectangulations and elimination trees via p ermutation languages DESCRIPTION:In this talk we apply the Hartung-Hoang-Mütze-Williams permuta tion language framework to derive exhaustive generation algorithms for two further classes of combinatorial objects\, as well as Hamilton paths and cycles on the corresponding polytopes: (3) different classes of rectangula tions\, which are subdivisions of a rectangle into smaller rectangles (see www.combos.org/rect)\; (4) elimination trees of chordal graphs\, which en code several interesting combinatorial objects such as permutations\, bina ry trees and bitstrings (see www.combos.org/elim). This talk is based on j oint work with Torsten Mütze and Jean Cardinal (SoCG 2021 + SODA 2022). LOCATION:France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X -TITLE=:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-45@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20220212T143000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20220212T143000 DTSTAMP:20220209T083926Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/soutenance-de-leon-paul-schaub / SUMMARY:Soutenance de Léon-Paul Schaub DESCRIPTION:Le principe de l’IRM\, qui a valu en 2003 le prix Nobel de m édecine aux chercheurs américain Paul Lauterbur et britannique Peter Man sfield\, repose sur le phénomène de résonance magnétique lié aux prop riétés magnétiques de certains atomes\, principalement le noyau d’hyd rogène. Placés dans un champ magnétique généré par de puissants aima nts supraconducteurs\, ces noyaux s’orientent dans la même direction. D es impulsions de radiofréquences viennent alors les perturber\, comme une pichenette déstabiliserait une toupie en rotation\, sans la faire chuter . Ils accumulent de l’énergie\, restituée à l’arrêt de la stimulat ion lorsqu’ils reviennent à leur alignement initial. Capté par des ant ennes réceptrices et interprété\, ce signal donne naissance à des imag es en deux ou trois dimensions. ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/app/uploads/2022/02 /These-Hicham-El-Boukkouri.png CATEGORIES:STL,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-49@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20220316T160000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20220316T173000 DTSTAMP:20220221T101038Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/seminaire-critique-de-lintelli gence-artificielle/ SUMMARY:Séminaire critique de l'intelligence artificielle : Environmental crisis and digitalization\, the case of AI DESCRIPTION:Ce séminaire du Centre Borelli (animé par l'ENS Paris-Saclay) souhaite insuffler une réflexion épistémologique à propos de l’inte lligence artificielle\, à l’heure où son déploiement semble totalisan t\, pose les questions suivantes : quelles sont ses limites\; qui produit le savoir\, dans quelles conditions \; qu’est-ce qui\, dans l’imaginai re collectif\, relève du mythe ou de l’idéologie\; quels sont les rapp orts de pouvoir\, les structures sociales entre les différents acteurs (e ntreprises\, universités)\; quelle est sa pertinence sociale notamment à l’heure du défi écologique etc.\nLa séance du 16 mars recevra Gauthi er Roussilhe et Anne-Laure Ligozat (LISN) pour une présentation intitulé e «Environmental crisis and digitalization\, the case of AI»\, sur les i mpacts environnementaux de l'intelligence artificielle.\nLien Zoom : https ://us02web.zoom.us/j/86425346031#success ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/app/uploads/2022/02 /Seminaire-critique.png CATEGORIES:Séminaires LOCATION:France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X -TITLE=:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-52@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20220322T000000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20220322T000000 DTSTAMP:20220322T144528Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/dimensions-memorielles-de-lint eraction-ecrite-homme-machine/ SUMMARY:Dimensions mémorielles de l’interaction écrite homme-machine DESCRIPTION:La thèse a été dirigée par Patrick Paroubek et co-encadrée par Gil Francopoulo puis par Samuel Rumeur. Le jury est composé de :\nFr édéric Landragin (rapporteur)Chloé Clavel (rapporteure)Yves Lepage (exa minateur) \;Frédéric Béchet (examinateur) \;Magalie Ochs (exami natrice) \;Gil Francopoulo (examinateur)Samuel Rumeur\, directeur prod uit de la société Akio (invité)\nIl s'agit d'une thèse CIFRE réalisé e\, en partenariat avec le LISN (anciennement LIMSI)\, chez Akio\, une ent reprise éditrice de logiciels pour l'interaction client omnicananux (SMS\ , mail\, tchat\, appels téléphoniques...). L'objectif de cette thèse é tait d'opérer un transfert industriel des dernières avancées en systèm e de dialogue pour l'implémentation et l'intégration d'un chatbot dans l e logiciel d'interaction client appelé Unified afin d'automatiser certain es de ces interactions et faciliter le travail des agents. J'ai résumé l a contribution scientifique de la manière suivante :"Dans ce travail\, no us nous intéressons à la place des systèmes de dialogue orientés-tâch e à la fois dans le traitement automatique des langues\, et dans l’inte raction homme-machine. Nous nous concentrons plus particulièrement sur la différence de traitement de l’information et de l’utilisation de la mémoire\, d’un tour de parole à l’autre\, par l’humain et la machi ne\, pendant une conversation écrite de type clavardage. Après avoir ét udié les mécanismes de rétention et de rappel mémoriels chez l’humai n durant un dialogue\, en particulier dans l’accomplissement d’une tâ che\, nous émettons l’hypothèse qu’un des éléments susceptible d ’expliquer que les performances des machines demeurent en deçà de cell es des humains\, est la capacité à posséder non seulement une image de l’utilisateur\, mais également une image de soi\, explicitement convoqu ée pendant les inférences liées à la poursuite du dialogue. Cela se tr aduit pour le système par les trois axes suivants. Tout d’abord\, par l ’anticipation\, à un tour de parole donné\, du tour suivant de l’uti lisateur. Ensuite\, par la détection d’une incohérence dans son propre énoncé\, facilitée\, comme nous le démontrons\, par l’anticipation du tour suivant de l’utilisateur en tant qu’indice supplémentaire. En fin\, par la prévision du nombre de tours de paroles restants dans le dia logue afin d’avoir une meilleure vision de la progression du dialogue. C ’est que nous appelons le double modèle du système\, qui\, en prenant en compte la potentielle présence d’une incohérence dans son propre é noncé\, représente à la fois l’utilisateur et l’image que le systè me renvoie à l’utilisateur. Pour mettre en place ces fonctionnalités\, nous exploitons les réseaux de mémoire de bout-en-bout\, un modèle de réseau de neurones récurrent qui possède la spécificité non seulement de traiter des historiques de dialogue longs (comme un RNN ou un LSTM) ma is également de créer des sauts de réflexion\, permettant de filtrer l ’information contenue à la fois dans l’énoncé de l’utilisateur et dans celui de l’historique de dialogue. De plus\, ces sauts de réflexi on servent de mécanisme d’attention “naturel” pour le réseau de m émoire\, à la manière d’un décodeur de transformeur. Pour notre étu de\, nous améliorons\, en y ajoutant nos trois fonctionnalités\, un type de réseau de mémoire appelé WMM2Seq (réseau de mémoire de travail pa r séquence). Ce modèle s’inspire des modèles cognitifs de la mémoire \, en présentant les concepts de mémoire épisodique\, de mémoire séma ntique et de mémoire de travail. Il obtient des résultats performants su r des tâches de génération de réponse de dialogue sur les corpus DSTC2 (homme-machine dans le domaine du restaurant) et MultiWOZ (multi-domaine créé avec Magicien d’Oz)\; ce sont les corpus que nous utilisons pour nos expériences. Le système obtenu grâce à ce modèle se nomme Bi-WMM2 Seq. Les trois axes mentionnés précédemment apportent deux contribution s principales à l’existant. En premier lieu\, ceci complexifie l’inte lligence du système de dialogue en le dotant d’un garde-fou (incohéren ces détectées). En second lieu\, cela optimise à la fois le traitement des informations dans le dialogue (réponses plus précises ou plus riches ) et la durée de celui-ci. Nous évaluons les performances de notre syst ème avec premièrement les mesures de f-mesure pour les entités détect ées à chaque tour de parole\, deuxièmement de score BLEU pour la fluidi té de l’énoncé du système et troisièmement de taux d’exactitude j ointe pour la réussite du dialogue. Les résultats obtenus (+ 7% de F-mes ure sur les entités détectées) montrent qu’il serait intéressant d ’orienter les recherches vers des modèles de gestion de la mémoire plu s cognitifs afin de réduire l’écart de performance dans un dialogue en tre l’homme et la machine." ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/app/uploads/2022/03 /Soutenance-de-these.jpg CATEGORIES:Science des Données,STL,Thèses et HDR END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-48@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20220324T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20220324T140000 DTSTAMP:20220322T145333Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/data-driven-and-equation-infor med-tools-for-turbulent-reconstruction-and-classification/ SUMMARY:Data-driven and equation informed tools for turbulent reconstructio n and classification DESCRIPTION: ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/app/uploads/2022/02 /Seminaire-meca-carre.png CATEGORIES:Mécanique LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-54@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris;VALUE=DATE:20220619 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris;VALUE=DATE:20220625 DTSTAMP:20220602T131755Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/ecole-thematique-masses-de-don nees-2022/ SUMMARY:Ecole thématique Masses de Données 2022 DESCRIPTION:Les thèmes de l’école 2022\nQuatre thèmes seront abordés lors de l’école MDD 2022 pour toucher une large palette de chercheurs : \nGestion de données hétérogènes\, revisité : Des médiateurs aux pol ystores modernesBlockchain du point de vue de la distribution et des bases de donnéesComment mener une campagne de mesures expérimentalesAugmenter la gestion des données avec l’IA et l’apprentissage automatique\nUne semaine de rencontres et d’échanges\nUn objectif fort de l’école MD D est de favoriser les échanges entre participants et de donner à chacun (e) l’occasion de s’exprimer\, et de rencontrer d’autres chercheurs ou futurs chercheurs dans une ambiance conviviale et détendue.\nInformati ons et inscriptions\nhttps://cedric.cnam.fr/lab/confs/mdd2022/ ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/app/uploads/2022/03 /MDD.png CATEGORIES:Conférence LOCATION:Bastia\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Bastia\, France;X-APPLE-RAD IUS=100;X-TITLE=:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-56@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris;VALUE=DATE:20220620 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris;VALUE=DATE:20220626 DTSTAMP:20220602T131747Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/lrec-2022/ SUMMARY:LREC 2022 DESCRIPTION:LREC aims to provide an overview of the state-of-the-art\, expl ore new R&\;D directions and emerging trends\, exchange information reg arding LRs and their applications\, evaluation methodologies and tools\, o n-going and planned activities\, industrial uses and needs\, requirements coming from e-science and e-society\, with respect to both scientific/tech nological issues as well as policy and organisational ones.\nLREC provides a unique forum for researchers\, industrials and funding agencies from ac ross a wide spectrum of areas to discuss issues and opportunities\, find n ew synergies and promote initiatives for international cooperation\, in su pport of investigations in language sciences\, progress in language techno logies (LT) and development of corresponding products\, services and appli cations\, and standards.\nProgramme et inscriptions : https://lrec2022.lre c-conf.org/en/ ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/app/uploads/2022/04 /LREC2022.png CATEGORIES:Conférence END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-57@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20220711T000000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20220711T000000 DTSTAMP:20220709T060704Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/journee-scientifique-joffroy-b eauquier/ SUMMARY:Journée scientifique Joffroy Beauquier DESCRIPTION:Programme\n9h45 - 10h30 : petit-déjeuner dans le hall (à côt é de l’amphithéâtre)\n10h30 : Bernadette Charron-Bost : "Distributed Computation of the Average"\n11h15 : Colette Johnen : "Silent self-stabili zing schema for spanning tree-like construction"\n12h00 : Luis Rodrigues : "Kauri: BFT Consensus with Pipelined Tree-Based Dissemination and Aggrega tion"\n13h : cocktail dans le hall CATEGORIES:Conférence LOCATION:LISN Site Plaine\, 1 rue Raimond Castaing 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=1 rue Raimond Castaing 91 190 Gif-sur-Yvette\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LISN Site Plaine:ge o:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-60@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20220926T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20220926T140000 DTSTAMP:20220920T153308Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/specification-dun-logiciel-de- traduction-assistee-par-ordinateur-a-destination-des-langues-signees/ SUMMARY:Spécification d'un logiciel de traduction assistée par ordinateur à destination des langues signées DESCRIPTION:Composition du jury\nAnnelies Braffort (Directrice de recherche \, LISN-CNRS\, Université Paris-Saclay) - Directrice de thèseMichael Fil hol (Chargé de recherche\, LISN-CNRS\, Université Paris-Saclay) - Co-enc adrant de thèseLaurence Meurant (Chercheuse qualifiée FNRS\,  Institut NaLTT\, LSFB-Lab\, Université de Namur) - apportricePierrette Bouillon (P rofesseure\, Faculté de Traduction et d'Interprétation\, Université de Genève) - RapportriceFrançois Yvon (Directeur de recherche\, LISN-CNRS\, Université Paris-Saclay) - ExaminateurFlorence Encrevé (Maîtresse de c onférence\, SFL-CNRS\, Université Paris 8) - Examinatrice\nMots-clés\nT raduction assistée par ordinateur - Traduction - Langue des signes\n Ré sumé de la thèse\nLa traduction tient une place importante dans notre so ciété\, où la communication et le partage de l’information sont centr aux. Pour aider les traducteurs dans leur tâche\, les logiciels de traduc tion assistée par ordinateur (TAO) ont vu le jour dans les années 70\, e t fournissent une assistance au cours du processus de traduction. Ces logi ciels se sont développés et améliorés au fil des années\, au point qu ’aujourd’hui\, leur maîtrise est un pré-requis dans le domaine de la traduction professionnelle. Ces outils ne sont cependant pas en mesure de prendre en charge la traduction des langues des signes (LS)\, et ce malgr é un nombre non-négligeable de locuteurs d’une part\, et les encourage ments sinon les obligations de la législation d’autre part. En effet\, en France depuis 2005\, la langue des signes française (LSF) est reconnue comme langue à part entière\, et la loi stipule depuis lors le droit po ur tout citoyen de jouir d’un accès total à l’information du domaine public Comme la plupart des outils numériques actuels\, les logiciels de TAO reposent exclusivement sur les langues écrites. Si ces logiciels ont réellement révolutionné la traduction de l’écrit\, alors pourquoi p as celle des langues signées\, pour laquelle la demande est croissante ? Comment pourrait-on adapter la TAO aux langues des signes ? Quels sont les noeuds lorsqu’il est question de passer de la TAO de l’écrit à la T AO des LS ?\nCette thèse se propose de (1) identifier les fondamentaux de l’assistance informatique à la traduction\, c'est-à-dire les points c lés sur lesquels reposent ces logiciels\, et les innovations importantes qu’ils ont pu apporter \; (2) comprendre le processus de traduction des langues des signes : quelles étapes\, sont-elles systématiques\, dans qu el ordre ? \; (3) faire le lien avec les besoins des professionnels du dom aine\, proposer une première spécification logicielle pour la TAO des la ngues des signes \; (4) développer de premiers prototypes d’outils\, et proposer un protocole pour leur évaluation. Sur la base d’un corpus vi déo de traducteurs à l’oeuvre\, d’un corpus bilingue français/LSF d e brèves journalistiques\, ainsi que les résultats de plusieurs consulta tions avec des professionnels de la traduction\, cette thèse apporte troi s contributions.\nDans un premier temps\, nous avons identifié les tâche s constitutives du processus de traduction des LS en analysant des vidéos de traducteurs au travail. Nous avons également pu faire émerger non pa s un ordre strict\, mais malgré tout une forme de précédence dans l’e xécution de ses différentes tâches. En partenariat avec d’autres prof essionnels de la traduction\, nous avons fait émerger une liste de besoin s propres au métier\, et auxquels la TAO serait à même de répondre. La seconde contribution de cette thèse correspond à l’élaboration d’u n cahier des charges relatif à la création d’un outil de TAO destiné à la traduction des LS. En reprenant les fondamentaux du fonctionnement d es logiciels de TAO\, ainsi que les nécessités induites par l’utilisat ion de la LSF\, nous avons proposé une première spécification pour le d éveloppement d’une assistance informatisée adaptée. Nous proposons é galement deux prototypes qui suivent ces recommandations. Le premier est u n concordancier français-langue des signes française. Le second est un e nvironnement de travail intégré\, à l’image des logiciels de TAO exis tants\, et dans lequel le concordancier est intégré. La troisième contr ibution réside dans les méthodes d’évaluation et les évaluations ell es-mêmes des outils développés. Cette évaluation se divise en deux asp ects : un retour subjectif sur l’utilisation de l’outil\, et un retour objectif quant à ses performances\, au moyen de l’évaluation de la qu alité de la traduction. Elle permet de mettre en avant les modifications à apporter aux prototypes\, mais également au protocole d’évaluation lui-même. LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-59@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20220929T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20220929T170000 DTSTAMP:20220920T152836Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/inference-logique-de-reseaux-b ooleens-a-partir-de-connaissances-et-dobservations-de-processus-de-differe nciation-cellulaire/ SUMMARY:Inférence logique de réseaux booléens à partir de connaissances et d’observations de processus de différenciation cellulaire DESCRIPTION:La soutenance aura lieu le jeudi 29 septembre à 14h\, dans la salle des thèses (salle 435) du bâtiment 650. Vous pouvez également y a ssister en visioconférence via le lien : https://eu.bbcollab.com/guest/71 58d4f5c7a64ef1bf65b2f399daa165La soutenance se déroulera en français.\nL e jury est composé de :\n \;• Simon DE GIVRY - Chargé de recherche \, INRAE\, MIAT - Rapporteur\n Élisabeth REMY - Directrice de recherche\ , CNRS\, I2M - Rapportrice Franck DELAPLACE - Professeur\, Université d ’Évry Paris-Saclay\, IBISC - Examinateur Carito GUZIOLOWSKI - Maîtres se de conférence\, Centrale Nantes\, LS2N - Examinatrice Fatiha SAÏS - Professeure\, Université Paris-Saclay\, LISN - ExaminatriceChristine FROI DEVAUX - Professeure émérite\, Université Paris-Saclay\, LISN - Directr ice de thèse Loïc PAULEVÉ - Chargé de recherche\, CNRS\, LaBRI - Co-e ncadrant\, membre invitéAndrei ZINOVYEV - Ingénieur de recherche\, Insti tut Curie\, U900 - Co-encadrant\, membre invité\nRésumé de la thèse \n Les modèles dynamiques sont des outils importants pour l'exploration des mécanismes de régulation en biologie. Les travaux de cette thèse ont é té guidés par le besoin exprimé en cancérologie et embryologie d'infé rer automatiquement des réseaux booléens reproduisant des processus de d ifférenciation cellulaire. En considérant les observations et les connai ssances que les modélisateurs ont à disposition\, ce mémoire de thèse présente une approche qui permet de modéliser la richesse de ce comporte ment cellulaire en inférant l’ensemble des réseaux booléens compatibl es et qui passe à l’échelle des réseaux de régulation couramment con sidérés en biologie. Les travaux de thèse effectués dans le but de dé velopper cette méthode apportent trois contributions principales.\nLa pre mière contribution est la proposition d'un cadre formel sur les propriét és des données collectées pour étudier la différenciation cellulaire. Ce cadre permet de raisonner sur les propriétés dynamiques souhaitées au sein des réseaux booléens pour qu’ils soient compatibles avec ce co mportement cellulaire. La deuxième contribution porte sur l'encodage du p roblème d’inférence de modèles comme un problème de satisfiabilité booléenne dont les solutions sont les réseaux booléens compatibles avec les données biologiques. Pour cela\, des contraintes sur la dynamique de s réseaux booléens correspondant aux propriétés précédemment formali sées ont été implémentées en programmation logique. La dernière cont ribution est l’application à des problématiques biologiques réelles d e la méthode d’inférence de modèles\, nommée BoNesis\, qui a été d éveloppée grâce aux contraintes créées. Ces applications ont montré l’apport de l’inférence d’ensemble de modèles pour l’analyse de processus et illustré la méthodologie de modélisation\, de la préparat ion des données biologiques à l’analyse des modèles inférés. CATEGORIES:AAC LOCATION:LISN Site Plaine\, 1 rue Raimond Castaing 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=1 rue Raimond Castaing 91 190 Gif-sur-Yvette\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LISN Site Plaine:ge o:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-64@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20221007T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20221007T180000 DTSTAMP:20221007T150547Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/soutenance-de-sylvain-famie/ SUMMARY:Soutenance de Sylvain Famié DESCRIPTION:Jury\nRobin Baurès\, Maître de Conférences HDR\, Universit é Toulouse 3 - Paul Sabatier (Rapporteur)Frédéric Danion\, Chargé de Recherche CNRS\, Université de Poitiers (Rapporteur)Sylvie Vernazza-Marti n\, Professeure des Universités\, Université Paris Nanterre (Examinatri ce)Laurence Mouchnino\, Maître de Conférences HDR\, Université Aix-Mar seille (Examinatrice)Michel-Ange Amorim\, Professeur des Universités\, U niversité Paris-Saclay (Directeur)Mehdi Ammi\, Professeur des Universit és\, Université Paris 8 (Co-Directeur)Vincent Bourdin\, Ingénieur de R echerche CNRS\, Université Paris-Saclay (Invité)\nRésumé\nLa friction est une force avec laquelle nous devons composer dans la vie de tous les j ours\, lorsque nous manipulons des objets ou que nous les faisons glisser. Dans la présente thèse\, les participants ont effectué un mouvement de frappe (avec l'index) pour faire glisser un objet plastique de forme cubi que dans une gouttière jusqu’à une distance cible. Selon les condition s\, les facteurs expérimentaux manipulés sont : le matériau de la surfa ce sur laquelle l'objet glisse\, l’inclinaison de la surface (-10°\, 0 °\, ou +10°) et la distance cible\, pour un nombre d'essais donné.\nL'a nalyse de l'erreur spatiale (entre l’objet et la cible) ainsi que la vit esse initiale de l'objet après impact avec le doigt suggèrent qu‘au fi l des essais\, le mouvement est paramétré pour réduire l'erreur spatial e afin de calibrer un modèle interne du coefficient de friction (μ subje ctif) pour une surface donnée. Par la suite\, ce μ subjectif peut être généralisé lors d’un changement de condition d’inclinaison et/ou de distance\, ou bien faire l'objet d’une recalibration. L’analyse biom écanique montre que dans les conditions les plus simples\, les participan ts adoptent la rotation d’un seul segment (la main) afin de fournir l’ énergie cinétique nécessaire pour atteindre la cible. Ce n’est qu’a vec l’augmentation des contraintes de la tâche que certains participant s décident d’adopter une nouvelle stratégie motrice en ajoutant un deg ré de liberté (rotation de l’avant-bras)\, avec un plus grand succès dans les conditions les plus difficiles. Nos résultats montrent égalemen t que certains participants préfèrent garder un paramètre spatiotempore l invariant (amplitude ou durée de la frappe) et faire varier l’autre p our contrôler la vitesse à l’impact \; tandis que d’autres participa nts font varier les deux paramètres privilégiant le contrôle de l’acc élération avant l’impact.\nEn conclusion\, nous apportons la preuve\, qu’au travers de la répétition des essais\, le cerveau se construit un modèle interne de la friction qui permet de paramétrer le mouvement bal istique de frappe afin de réguler la quantité d'énergie cinétique néc essaire à l’impact\, pour transmettre à l’objet la vitesse initiale appropriée afin qu’il glisse jusqu'à une distance cible. CATEGORIES:IaH,Thèses et HDR END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-61@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris;VALUE=DATE:20221010 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris;VALUE=DATE:20221011 DTSTAMP:20221007T145147Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/une-journee-en-hommage-a-yanni s-manoussakis/ SUMMARY:Une journée en hommage à Yannis Manoussakis DESCRIPTION:Programme détaillé : https://yannis.sciencesconf.org/\nConfé renciers invités\nYandong Bai\, \;Northwestern Polytechnical Universi ty\, China\nJørgen Bang-Jensen\, \;University of Southern Denmark\nFr ançois Pirot\, Université Paris-Saclay\nZsolt Tuza\, MTA Rényi Institu te\, Budapest &\; University of Pannonia\, Veszprém\nEquipe organisat rice\nNathalie AubrunJohanne CohenBenjamin Hellouin de MénibusHao LiAntoi ne LobsteinFrançois PirotSonia Vanot\nLe CNRS rend hommage à Yannis Mano ussakishttps://www.ins2i.cnrs.fr/fr/cnrsinfo/disparition-de-yannis-manouss akis ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/app/uploads/2022/09 /1-Yannis.jpg CATEGORIES:Conférence LOCATION:LISN Site Plaine – Digitéo\, 1 rue René THOM 91190 Gif-sur -Yvette\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=1 rue René THOM 91190 Gif- sur-Yvette\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LISN Site Plaine – Digit éo:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-62@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20221010T143000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20221010T173000 DTSTAMP:20221007T150946Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/soutenance-de-coline-gianfrott a/ SUMMARY:Soutenance de Coline Gianfrotta DESCRIPTION:La soutenance aura lieu le lundi 10 octobre à 14h30\, à l'UFR des Sciences de l'UVSQ (45\, avenue des Etats-Unis\, 78000\, Versailles)\ , au 3e étage du bâtiment Descartes (salle 301).\nJury\nChristine GASPIN \, Directrice de recherche\, INRAE-MIAT\, Castanet-Tolosan - RapportriceGu illaume FERTIN\, Professeur\, LS2N\, Université de Nantes - RapporteurAle ssandra CARBONE\, Professeure\, LGQB\, Sorbonne Université - Examinatrice Sarah COHEN-BOULAKIA\, Professeure\, LISN\, Université Paris-Saclay - Exa minatriceDominique BARTH\, Professeur\, DAVID\, UVSQ\, Université Paris-S aclay - Directeur de thèseAlain DENISE\, Professeur\, LISN &\; I2BC\, Université Paris-Saclay - Co-encadrant\, membre invitéVladimir REINHARZ\ , Professeur\, Department of Computer Science\, Université du Québec à Montréal - Membre invité\nRésumé\nLes molécules d'ARN sont des moléc ules biologiques impliquées dans de nombreuses fonctions au sein de la ce llule\, allant de la régulation de l'expression génétique\, à la prote ction de la cellule. La fonction qu'assure une molécule d'ARN est intrins èquement liée à la structure tridimensionnelle qu'adopte cette molécul e dans l'espace. Cependant\, la structure tridimensionnelle d'une molécul e d'ARN est difficile à obtenir. C'est pourquoi l'un des enjeux liés à l'étude de ces molécules est d'être capable de prédire la structure tr idimensionnelle à partir d'informations telles que la séquence en nuclé otides. Dans cette thèse\, nous étudions le contexte structural de motif s structuraux d’ARN dans le but de progresser vers leur prédiction. Les motifs structuraux d'ARN sont des sous-structures apparaissant de manièr e récurrente dans les structures d'ARN\, et certains d'entre eux sont imp ossibles à prédire actuellement. Nous modélisons par des graphes le con texte structural topologique de ces motifs\, et comparons les contextes de s différentes occurrences en utilisant plusieurs algorithmes de graphes. Nous classifions ensuite les occurrences de motif selon leurs similarités de contexte topologique et selon leurs similarités de contexte 3D\, à l ’aide d’un algorithme de clustering recouvrant. Dans un premier temps\ , nous montrons sur un jeu de données de trois motifs structuraux que les similarités observées entre les contextes topologiques sont cohérentes avec les similarités entre les contextes 3D. Cela indique que le context e topologique peut être suffisant pour déterminer le contexte 3D pour ce s trois motifs. Dans un deuxième temps\, nous étudions plusieurs classif ications d’occurrences du motif A-minor de type I/II\, selon des similar ités de contexte 3D. Nous y observons que des similarités de contexte 3D existent entre occurrences non homologues\, ce qui pourrait être le sign e d’un phénomène de convergence évolutive. De plus\, nous observons q ue certaines parties du contexte 3D semblent mieux conservées que d’aut res entre occurrences non homologues. Dans un troisième temps\, nous étu dions la capacité de prédiction du contexte topologique commun à des oc currences de motif A-minor\, partageant des contextes 3D similaires\, ains i que la capacité de prédiction d'un signal de séquence sur ces mêmes occurrences. Pour cela\, nous étudions la fréquence d'apparition de cett e topologie et de ces séquences dans des structures d'ARN en l'absence de motifs A-minor. Nous en concluons que la topologie et la séquence associ ées représentent un bon signal pour la majorité des classes d'occurrenc es homologues étudiées. ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/app/uploads/2022/10 /Gianfrotta.jpg CATEGORIES:Thèses et HDR LOCATION:France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X -TITLE=:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-65@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris;VALUE=DATE:20221012 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris;VALUE=DATE:20221014 DTSTAMP:20221007T151556Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/journees-communes-dor-rest-2/ SUMMARY:Journées communes DOR/REST DESCRIPTION:L'action transverse DOR (Décision et Optimisation Robuste) et l'axe de recherche REST (Réseaux\, Energie\, Santé et Transports) du GDR RO organisent un séminaire commun les mercredi 12 et jeudi 13 octobre 2 022.\nProgramme et inscription\nhttp://gdrro.lip6.fr/?q=node/275 CATEGORIES:Séminaires LOCATION:LISN Site Plaine – Digitéo\, 1 rue René THOM 91190 Gif-sur -Yvette\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=1 rue René THOM 91190 Gif- sur-Yvette\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LISN Site Plaine – Digit éo:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-66@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20221103T143000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20221103T173000 DTSTAMP:20221027T141417Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/statistical-learning-and-inver se-uncertainty-quantification-in-nuclear-thermal-hydraulic-simulation-appl ication-to-the-condensation-modelling-at-the-safety-injection/ SUMMARY:Statistical learning and inverse uncertainty quantification in nucl ear thermal-hydraulic simulation: application to the condensation modelli ng at the safety injection DESCRIPTION:Composition du Jury\nTomasz Kozlowski\, Associate Professor\, U niversity of Illinois\, RapporteurNicola Pedroni\, Associate Professor\, P olytechnic of Turin\, RapporteurPierre Barbillon\, Professeur\, AgroParisT ech\, ExaminateurJordi Freixa\, Fellow Professor\, Technical University of Catalonia\, ExaminateurJean-Luc Vacher\, Ingénieur en thermohydraulique\ , EDF\, ExaminateurEnrico Zio\, Full Professor\, Mines ParisTech et Polyte chnic of Milan\, ExaminateurDidier Lucor\, Directeur de these\, LISN – C NRS\nRésumé\nDans le contexte industriel actuel\, un effort considérabl e est consacré à la Vérification et à la Validation (V&\;V) des out ils de calcul scientifiques et des modélisations physiques sous-jacentes. Plus précisément\, concernant les simulations thermiques et thermohydra uliques\, la méthodologie Best Estimate Plus Uncertainty (BEPU) est de pl us en plus utilisée. Cette méthodologie a pour objectif\, d'une part de simuler aussi fidèlement que possible les phénomènes physiques d'intér êt\, et d'autre part de quantifier l'incertitude de prédiction associée . Pour ce faire\, des tests expérimentaux à effets séparés (SET - Sepa rate Effect Test) sont utilisés pour la validation car ils permettent d' évaluer aussi individuellement que possible l'impact des modèles physiqu es sur les quantités d'intérêt (température\, pression\, etc). Cependa nt dans certains cas\, seuls des tests à effets combinés (CET – Coupled Effect Test) sont disponibles. L'effet du modèle que l'on veut valider e st alors en interaction avec au moins un autre modèle\, qui lui aussi est incertain et doit être validé. Pour traiter ces cas où le risque de co mpensation d'erreur est accru\, aucune méthodologie n'a à ce stade été formalisée. L'objectif de cette thèse est de développer/établir une n ouvelle démarche de validation en présence de CET et d'élaborer des mé thodes statistiques avancées pour la quantification des incertitudes asso ciées. Enfin\, la faisabilité d'extrapoler hors de leur domaine de valid ation les modèles utilisées sera testée (évaluation des effets d'éche lle). Pour développer ces nouvelles méthodes\, nous proposons d'étudier un cas pratique : la validation et la quantification des incertitudes des modèles physiques utilisées pour la prédiction de la température de p aroi de la cuve d'un réacteur nucléaire au cours des transitoires accide ntels de type APRP (Accident de Perte de Réfrigérant Primaire). Cet acci dent déclenche une injection de sécurité à basse température pouvant être à l'origine d'un choc thermique pressurisé (« Choc froid » ou « Pressurized Thermal Shock – PTS ») risquant d'endommager la cuve du ré acteur. Les modèles parmi les plus influents pour ce type de transitoire concernent la condensation de la vapeur lors de l'injection d'eau froide. CATEGORIES:M-E,Thèses et HDR LOCATION:France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X -TITLE=:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-68@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris;VALUE=DATE:20221114 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris;VALUE=DATE:20221116 DTSTAMP:20221027T152516Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/journees-des-gdr-lift-et-tal/ SUMMARY:Journées des GDR LIFT et TAL DESCRIPTION:Thèmes des journées : “Ressources” et “Langues et Tâch es peu dotées”\nThèmes des GdR LIFT et TAL\nRetours d’expérience co ncernant l’emploi et/ou le développement d’outils informatiques pour l’analyse linguistiqueLinguistique informatique et Science ouverte : per spectives ouvertes par le partage des données\, des outils et des publica tionsModélisation informatique et linguistique formelle (théorie des lan gages formels\, grammaires d’unification\, théorie de la preuve…)Mise en dialogue des modèles linguistiques et des modèles d’apprentissage automatique (de tous types : approches générativeset discriminantes\, ap proches statistiques neuronales\, approches de type encodeurs-décodeurs …)Méthodes non supervisées ou faiblement supervisées pour l’analyse des langues peu dotées\, peu écrites ou non documentéesRéflexions au sujet de l’automatisation des processus d’analyse et de validationMod èles et méthodes pour le TAL : modèles formels\, apprentissage automati que supervisé\, non-supervisié\, et auto-supervisé\, zero-shot\, prompt ingTraitement du langage multimodalité et intermodal : parole\, langue de s signes\, interactions\, TAL conversationnel\, grounding\, images\, vidé osMultilinguisme\, Muliplicité des langues : traduction automatique\, mod èles multilingues et cross-lingues\, traitement de nouvelles langues\, la ngues peu dotéesAccès à l’information et fouille de textes : modélis ation et découverte des connaissances\, prise en compte des utilisateurs\ , passage à l’échelleMéthodologie\, explicabilité\, biais et consid érations éthiques CATEGORIES:Journées LOCATION:France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X -TITLE=:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-70@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20221117T140000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20221117T160000 DTSTAMP:20221110T155955Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/problematiques-fondamentales-e t-pratiques-dans-la-distillation-de-lair/ SUMMARY:Problématiques fondamentales et pratiques dans la distillation de l'air DESCRIPTION:La distillation de l'air est le procédé industriel le plus ut ilisé pour la production des gaz de l'air (oxygène\, azote\, argon\, etc .). Nous proposons de présenter quelques problématiques actuelles autour de ce procédé\, en nousattardant sur les verrous scientifiques "fondame ntaux" qui subsistent dans ce domaine. Cela permettra également d'illustr er certaines différences entre recherche académique fondamentale et rech erche appliquée\, et d'insister sur la complémentarité de ces deux appr oches.\nSalle des séminaires FAST-LPTMS (Bât. 530\, salle C.120\, 1er)Ac cès : http://www.fast.u-psud.fr/fr/plan.php ATTACH;FMTTYPE=image/jpeg:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/app/uploads/2022/11 /SemMeca-s.png CATEGORIES:M-E,Mécanique LOCATION:France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X -TITLE=:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VEVENT UID:0-67@lisn.upsaclay.fr DTSTART;TZID=Europe/Paris:20221129T113000 DTEND;TZID=Europe/Paris:20221129T133000 DTSTAMP:20221027T145443Z URL:https://www.lisn.upsaclay.fr/evenements/la-detection-dopinion-et-la-me sure-de-sa-fiabilite/ SUMMARY:La détection d’opinion et la mesure de sa fiabilité DESCRIPTION:La présence d’information de nature subjective (opinion) app araît de manière très visible sur différentes plate-formes. Ces opinio ns ont une grande importance dans plusieurs domaines (politique\, commerci al\, ou industriel). \;Elles jouent un rôle essentiel dans la prise d e décision des internautes. \;Une opinion non fiable peut mener à de s décisions désastreuses. De ce fait\, déterminer l’opinion fiable es t d’une importance primordiale.Mes travaux de recherche portent \;su r cette problématique. La première tâche est de pouvoir modéliser et d éterminer l’opinion dans un document. \;Pour ce faire\, nous propos ons une approche lexicale afin de déterminer les documents porteurs d’o pinion. Nous exploitons différentes ressources subjectives\, ouvertes\, d isponibles telles que IMDb\, ROTTEN\, CHESLY et MPQA qui constituent la so urce d’opinions. Nous supposons que si un document est similaire à cett e source\, il est vraisemblablement porteur d’opinions. Pour estimer cet te vraisemblance\, nous proposons de modéliser le document à tester et l a source d’opinion par des modèles de langue (des modèles probabiliste s) et de mesurer la similarité des deux modèles. Plus cette similarité est grande et plus le document est vraisemblablement subjectif. \;La d euxième tâche est de pouvoir déterminer les documents porteurs d’opin ions fiables. A cet effet\, nous introduisons le concept de score de confi ance qui mesure la fiabilité de l’opinion du document par rapport au su jet en question. Le calcul de ce score se base sur différentes informatio ns telles que le nombre de commentaires postés\, le nombre de commentaire s utiles et d’autres informations liées au commentaire et à l’utilis ateur. Ce score de confiance est combiné au score d’opinion pour l’ob tention d’un score final permettant de retourner les documents porteurs d’opinions fiables. CATEGORIES:STL LOCATION:LISN Site Belvédère\, Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire b ât 507 91405 Orsay\, France X-APPLE-STRUCTURED-LOCATION;VALUE=URI;X-ADDRESS=Rue du Belvédère Campus universitaire bât 507 91405 Orsay\, France;X-APPLE-RADIUS=100;X-TITLE=LIS N Site Belvédère:geo:0,0 END:VEVENT BEGIN:VTIMEZONE TZID:Europe/Paris X-LIC-LOCATION:Europe/Paris BEGIN:STANDARD DTSTART:20211031T020000 TZOFFSETFROM:+0200 TZOFFSETTO:+0100 TZNAME:CET END:STANDARD BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20220327T030000 TZOFFSETFROM:+0100 TZOFFSETTO:+0200 TZNAME:CEST END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:STANDARD DTSTART:20221030T020000 TZOFFSETFROM:+0200 TZOFFSETTO:+0100 TZNAME:CET END:STANDARD BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20230326T030000 TZOFFSETFROM:+0100 TZOFFSETTO:+0200 TZNAME:CEST END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:STANDARD DTSTART:20231029T020000 TZOFFSETFROM:+0200 TZOFFSETTO:+0100 TZNAME:CET END:STANDARD BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20240331T030000 TZOFFSETFROM:+0100 TZOFFSETTO:+0200 TZNAME:CEST END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:STANDARD DTSTART:20241027T020000 TZOFFSETFROM:+0200 TZOFFSETTO:+0100 TZNAME:CET END:STANDARD BEGIN:DAYLIGHT DTSTART:20250330T030000 TZOFFSETFROM:+0100 TZOFFSETTO:+0200 TZNAME:CEST END:DAYLIGHT BEGIN:STANDARD DTSTART:20251026T020000 TZOFFSETFROM:+0200 TZOFFSETTO:+0100 TZNAME:CET END:STANDARD END:VTIMEZONE END:VCALENDAR